The Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini

Note 2.'Moto propio.'Cellini confuses his petition with the instrument, which he had probably drawn up ready for signature.

Note 3.'Maestro delle stampe della zecca, i.e.,' the artist who made the dies.

XLVI

I WAS still working in the shop of Raffaello del Moro.This worthy man had a very beautiful young daughter, with regard to whom he had designs on me; and I, becoming partly aware of his intentions, was very willing; but, while indulging such desires, I made no show of them: on the contrary, I was so discreet in my behaviour that I made him wonder.It so happened that the poor girl was attacked by a disorder in her right hand, which ate into the two bones belonging to the little finger and the next.[1] Owing to her father’s carelessness, she had been treated by an ignorant quack-doctor, who predicted that the poor child would be crippled in the whole of her right arm, if even nothing worse should happen.When I noticed the dismay of her father, I begged him not to believe all that this ignorant doctor had said.He replied that he had no acquaintance with physicians or with surgeons, and entreated me, if I knew of one, to bring him to the house.[2] I sent at once for a certain Maestro Giacomo of Perugia, a man of great skill in surgery, who examined the poor girl.[3] She was dreadfully frightened through having gained some inkling of the quack’s predictions; whereas, my intelligent doctor declared that she would suffer nothing of consequence, and would be very well able to use her right hand; also that though the two last fingers must remain somewhat weaker than the others, this would be of no inconvenience at all to her.So he began his treatment; and after a few days, when he was going to extract a portion of the diseased bones, her father called for me, and begged me to be present at the operation.Maestro Giacomo was using some coarse steel instruments; and when I observed that he was making little way and at the same time was inflicting severe pain on the patient, I begged him to stop and wait half a quarter of an hour for me.I ran into the shop, and made a little scalping-iron of steel, extremely thin and curved; it cut like a razor.On my return, the surgeon used it, and began to work with so gentle a hand that she felt no pain, and in a short while the operation was over.In consequence of this service, and for other reasons, the worthy man conceived for me as much love, or more, as he had for two male children; and in the meanwhile he attended to the cure of his beautiful young daughter.

I was on terms of the closest intimacy with one Messer Giovanni Gaddi, who was a clerk of the Camera, and a great connoisseur of the arts, although he had no practical acquaintance with any.[4] In his household were a certain Messer Giovanni, a Greek of eminent learning, Messer Lodovico of Fano, no less distinguished as a man of letters, Messer Antonio Allegretti, and Messer Annibale Caro, [5] at that time in his early manhood.Messer Bastiano of Venice, a most excellent painter, and I were admitted to their society; and almost every day we met together in Messer Giovanni’s company.[6]

Being aware of this intimacy, the worthy goldsmith Raffaello said to Messer Giovanni: “Good sir, you know me; now I want to marry my daughter to Benvenuto, and can think of no better intermediary than your worship.So I am come to crave your assistance, and to beg you to name for her such dowry from my estate as you may think suitable.”The light-headed man hardly let my good friend finish what he had to say, before he put in quite at random: “Talk no more about it, Raffaello; you are farther from your object than January from mulberries.”The poor man, utterly discouraged, looked about at once for another husband for his girl; while she and the mother and all the family lived on in a bad humour with me.Since I did not know the real cause of this-I imagined they were paying me with bastard coin for the many kindnesses I had shown them-I conceived the thought of opening a workshop of my own in their neighbourhood.Messer Giovanni told me nothing till the girl was married, which happened in a few months.

Meanwhile, I laboured assiduously at the work I was doing for the Pope, and also in the service of the Mint; for his Holiness had ordered another coin, of the value of two carlins, on which his own portrait was stamped, while the reverse bore a figure of Christ upon the waters, holding out his hand to S.Peter, with this inscription 'Quare dubitasti?'My design won such applause that a certain secretary of the Pope, a man of the greatest talent, called Il Sanga, [7] was moved to this remark: “Your Holiness can boast of having a currency superior to any of the ancients in all their glory.”The Pope replied: “Benvenuto, for his part, can boast of serving an emperor like me, who is able to discern his merit.”I went on at my great piece in gold, showing it frequently to the Pope, who was very eager to see it, and each time expressed greater admiration.

Note 1.'Ossicina che seguitano il dito,' &c.Probably metacarpal bones.

Note 2.'Che gnene avviasse.'

Note 3.Giacomo Rastelli was a native of Rimini, but was popularly known as of Perugia, since he had resided long in that city.He was a famous surgeon under several Popes until the year 1566, when he died at Rome, age seventy-five.

Note 4.Giovanni Gaddi of the Florentine family was passionately attached to men of art and letters.Yet he seems to have been somewhat disagreeable in personal intercourse; for even Annibale Caro, who owed much to his patronage, and lived for many years in his house, never became attached to him.We shall see how he treated Cellini during a fever.

Note 5.Some poems of Allegretti’s survive.He was a man of mark in the literary society of the age.Giovanni Greco may have been a Giovanni Vergezio, who presented Duke Cosimo with some Greek characters of exquisite finish.Lodovico da Fano is mentioned as an excellent Latin scholar.Annibale Caro was one of the most distinguished writers of Italian prose and verse in the later Renaissance.He spent the latter portion of his life in the service of the Farnesi.

Note 6.Messer Bastiano is the celebrated painter Sebastian del Piombo, born 1485, died 1547.

Note 7.Battista Sanga, a Roman, secretary to Gianmatteo Giberti, the good Archbishop of Verona, and afterwards to Clement VII.He was a great Latinist, and one of those ecclesiastics who earnestly desired a reform of the Church.He died, poisoned, at an early age.

XLVII

MY brother, at this period, was also in Rome, serving Duke Alessandro, on whom the Pope had recently conferred the Duchy of Penna.This prince kept in his service a multitude of soldiers, worthy fellows, brought up to valour in the school of that famous general Giovanni de’ Medici; and among these was my brother, whom the Duke esteemed as highly as the bravest of them.One day my brother went after dinner to the shop of a man called Baccino della Croce in the Banchi, which all those men-at-arms frequented.He had flung himself upon a settee, and was sleeping.Just then the guard of the Bargello passed by; [1] they were taking to prison a certain Captain Cisti, a Lombard, who had also been a member of Giovanni’s troop, but was not in the service of the Duke.The captain, Cattivanza degli Strozzi, chanced to be in the same shop; [2] and when Cisti caught sight of him, he whispered: “I was bringing you those crowns I owed; if you want them, come for them before they go with me to prison.”Now Cattivanza had a way of putting his neighbours to the push, not caring to hazard his own person.So, finding there around him several young fellows of the highest daring, more eager than apt for so serious an enterprise, he bade them catch up Captain Cisti and get the money from him, and if the guard resisted, overpower the men, provided they had pluck enough to do so.

The young men were but four, and all four of them without a beard.The first was called Bertino Aldobrandi, another Anguillotto of Lucca; I cannot recall the names of the rest.Bertino had been trained like a pupil by my brother; and my brother felt the most unbounded love for him.So then, off dashed the four brave lads, and came up with the guard of the Bargello-upwards of fifty constables, counting pikes, arquebuses, and two-handed-swords.After a few words they drew their weapons, and the four boys so harried the guard, that if Captain Cattivanza had but shown his face, without so much as drawing, they would certainly have put the whole pack to flight.But delay spoiled all; for Bertino received some ugly wounds and fell; at the same time, Anguillotto was also hit in the right arm, and being unable to use his sword, got out of the fray as well as he was able.The others did the same.Bertino Aldobrandi was lifted from the ground seriously injured.

Note 1.The Bargello was the chief constable or sheriff in Italian towns.I shall call him Bargello always in my translation, since any English equivalent would be misleading.He did the rough work of policing the city, and was consequently a mark for all the men of spirit who disliked being kept in order.Giovio, in his Life of Cardinal Pompeo Colonna, quite gravely relates how it was the highest ambition of young Romans of spirit to murder the Bargello.He mentions, in particular, a certain Pietro Margano, who had acquired great fame and popularity by killing the Bargello of his day, one Cencio, in the Campo di Fiore.This man became an outlaw, and was favourably received by Cardinal Colonna, then at war with Clement VII.

Note 2.His baptismal name was Bernardo.Cattivanza was a nickname.He fought bravely for Florence in the siege.

XLVIII

WHILE these things were happening, we were all at table; for that morning we had dined more than an hour later than usual.On hearing the commotion, one of the old man’s sons, the elder, rose from table to go and look at the scuffle.He was called Giovanni; and I said to him: “For Heaven’s sake, don’t go!In such matters one is always certain to lose, while there is nothing to be gained.”His father spoke to like purpose: “Pray, my son, don’t go!”But the lad, without heeding any one, ran down the stairs.Reaching the Banchi, where the great scrimmage was, and seeing Bertino lifted from the ground, he ran towards home, and met my brother Cecchino on the way, who asked what was the matter.Though some of the bystanders signed to Giovanni not to tell Cecchino, he cried out like a madman how it was that Bertino Aldobrandi had been killed by the guard.My poor brother gave vent to a bellow which might have been heard ten miles away.Then he turned to Giovanni: “Ah me!but could you tell me which of those men killed him for me?”[1] Giovanni said, yes, that it was a man who had a big two-handed sword, with a blue feather in his bonnet.My poor brother rushed ahead, and having recognised the homicide by those signs, he threw himself with all his dash and spirit into the middle of the band, and before his man could turn on guard, ran him right through the guts, and with the sword’s hilt thrust him to the ground.Then he turned upon the rest with such energy and daring, that his one arm was on the point of putting the whole band to flight, had it not been that, while wheeling round to strike an arquebusier, this man fired in self-defence, and hit the brave unfortunate young fellow above the knee of his right leg.While he lay stretched upon the ground, the constables scrambled off in disorder as fast as they were able, lest a pair to my brother should arrive upon the scene.

Noticing that the tumult was not subsiding, I too rose from the table, and girding on my sword-for everybody wore one then-I went to the bridge of Sant’ Agnolo, where I saw a group of several men assembled.On my coming up and being recognised by some of them, they gave way before me, and showed me what I least of all things wished to see, albeit I made mighty haste to view the sight.On the instant I did not know Cecchino, since he was wearing a different suit of clothes from that in which I had lately seen him.Accordingly, he recognised me first, and said: “Dearest brother, do not be upset by my grave accident; it is only what might be expected in my profession: get me removed from here at once, for I have but few hours to live.”They had acquainted me with the whole event while he was speaking, in brief words befitting such occasion.So I answered: “Brother, this is the greatest sorrow and the greatest trial that could happen to me in the whole course of my life.But be of good cheer; for before you lose sight of him who did the mischief, you shall see yourself revenged by my hand.’Our words on both sides were to the purport, but of the shortest.

Note 1.'Oimè, saprestimi tu dire che di quelli me I’ha morto?'The 'me' is so emphatic, that, though it makes poor English, I have preserved it in my version.

XLIX

THE GUARD was now about fifty paces from us; for Maffio, their officer, had made some of them turn back to take up the corporal my brother killed.Accordingly, I quickly traversed that short space, wrapped in my cape, which I had tightened round me, and came up with Maffio, whom I should most certainly have murdered, for there were plenty of people round, and I had wound my way among them.With the rapidity of lightning, I had half drawn my sword from the sheath, when Berlinghier Berlinghieri, a young man of the greatest daring and my good friend, threw himself from behind upon my arms; he had four other fellows of like kidney with him, who cried out to Maffio: “Away with you, for this man here alone was killing you!”He asked: “Who is he?”and they answered: “Own brother to the man you see there.”Without waiting to hear more, he made haste for Torre di Nona; [1] and they said: “Benvenuto, we prevented you against your will, but did it for your good; now let us go to succour him who must die shortly.”Accordingly, we turned and went back to my brother, whom I had at once conveyed into a house.The doctors who were called in consultation, treated him with medicaments, but could not decide to amputate the leg, which might perhaps have saved him.

As soon as his wound had been dressed, Duke Alessandro appeared and most affectionately greeted him.My brother had not as yet lost consciousness; so he said to the Duke: “My lord, this only grieves me, that your Excellency is losing a servant than whom you may perchance find men more valiant in the profession of arms, but none more lovingly and loyally devoted to your service than I have been.”The Duke bade him do all he could to keep alive; for the rest, he well knew him to be a man of worth and courage, He then turned to his attendants, ordering them to see that the brave young fellow wanted for nothing.

When he was gone, my brother lost blood so copiously, for nothing could be done to stop it, that he went off his head, and kept raving all the following night, with the exception that once, when they wanted to give him the communion, he said: “You would have done well to confess me before; now it is impossible that I should receive the divine sacrament in this already ruined frame; it will be enough if I partake of it by the divine virtue of the eyesight, whereby it shall be transmitted into my immortal soul, which only prays to Him for mercy and forgiveness.”Having spoken thus, the host was elevated; but he straightway relapsed into the same delirious ravings as before, pouring forth a torrent of the most terrible frenzies and horrible imprecations that the mind of man could imagine; nor did he cease once all that night until the day broke.

When the sun appeared above our horizon, he turned to me and said: “Brother, I do not wish to stay here longer, for these fellows will end by making me do something tremendous, which may cause them to repent of the annoyance they have given me.”Then he kicked out both his legs-the injured limb we had enclosed in a very heavy box-and made as though he would fling it across a horse’s back.Turning his face round to me, he called out thrice-”Farewell, farewell!”and with the last word that most valiant spirit passed away.

At the proper hour, toward nightfall, I had him buried with due ceremony in the church of the Florentines; and afterwards I erected to his memory a very handsome monument of marble, upon which I caused trophies and banners to be carved.I must not omit to mention that one of his friends had asked him who the man was that had killed him, and if he could recognise him; to which he answered that he could, and gave his description.My brother, indeed, attempted to prevent this coming to my ears; but I got it very well impressed upon my mind, as will appear in the sequel.2

Note 1.The Torre di Nona was one of the principal prisons in Rome, used especially for criminals condemned to death.

Note 2.Varchi, in his 'Storia Florentina,' lib.xi., gives a short account of Cecchino Cellini’s death in Rome, mentioning also Bertino Aldobrandi, in the attempt to revenge whom he lost his life.

L

RETURNING to the monument, I should relate that certain famous men of letters, who knew my brother, composed for me an epitaph, telling me that the noble young man deserved it.The inscription ran thus:-

'“Francisco Cellino Florentino, qui quod in teneris annis ad Ioannem Medicem ducem plures victorias retulit et signifer fuit, facile documentum dedit quantæ fortitudinis et consilii vir futurus erat, ni crudelis fati archibuso transfossus, quinto ætatis lustro jaceret, Benvenutus frater posuit.Obiit die' xxvii 'Maii' MD.XXIX.”

He was twenty-five years of age; and since the soldiers called him Cecchino del Piffero, [1] his real name being Giovanfrancesco Cellini, I wanted to engrave the former, by which he was commonly known, under the armorial bearings of our family.This name then I had cut in fine antique characters, all of which were broken save the first and last.I was asked by the learned men who had composed that beautiful epitaph, wherefore I used these broken letters; and my answer was, because the marvellous framework of his body was spoiled and dead; and the reason why the first and last remained entire was, that the first should symbolise the great gift God had given him, namely, of a human soul, inflamed with his divinity, the which hath never broken, while the second represented the glorious renown of his brave actions.The thought gave satisfaction, and several persons have since availed themselves of my device.Close to the name I had the coat of us Cellini carved upon the stone, altering it in some particulars.In Ravenna, which is a most ancient city, there exist Cellini of our name in the quality of very honourable gentry, who bear a lion rampant or upon a field of azure, holding a lily gules in his dexter paw, with a label in chief and three little lilies or.[2] These are the true arms of the Cellini.My father showed me a shield as ours which had the paw only, together with the other bearings; but I should prefer to follow those of the Cellini of Ravenna, which I have described above.Now to return to what I caused to be engraved upon my brother’s tomb: it was the lion’s paw, but instead of a lily, I made the lion hold an axe, with the field of the scutcheon quartered; and I put the axe in solely that I might not be unmindful to revenge him.

Note 1.That is, Frank, the Fifer’s son.

Note 2.I believe Cellini meant here to write “on a chief argent a label of four points, and three lilies gules.”He has tricked the arms thus in a MS. of the Palatine Library.See Leclanchè, p.103; see also Piatti, vol.i.p.233, and Plon, p.2.

LI

I WENT on applying myself with the utmost diligence upon the gold-work for Pope Clement’s button.He was very eager to have it, and used to send for me two or three times a week, in order to inspect it; and his delight in the work always increased.Often would he rebuke and scold me, as it were, for the great grief in which my brother’s loss had plunged me; and one day, observing me more downcast and out of trim than was proper, he cried aloud: “Benvenuto, oh!I did not know that you were mad.Have you only just learned that there is no remedy against death?One would think that you were trying to run after him.”When I left the presence, I continued working at the jewel and the dies [1] for the Mint; but I also took to watching the arquebusier who shot my brother, as though he had been a girl I was in love with.The man had formerly been in the light cavalry, but afterwards had joined the arquebusiers as one of the Bargello’s corporals; and what increased my rage was that he had used these boastful words: “If it had not been for me, who killed that brave young man, the least trifle of delay would have resulted in his putting us all to flight with great disaster.”When I saw that the fever caused by always seeing him about was depriving me of sleep and appetite, and was bringing me by degrees to sorry plight, I overcame my repugnance to so low and not quite praiseworthy an enterprise, and made my mind up one evening to rid myself of the torment.The fellow lived in a house near a place called Torre Sanguigua, next door to the lodging of one of the most fashionable courtesans in Rome, named Signora Antea.It had just struck twenty-four, and he was standing at the house-door, with his sword in hand, having risen from supper.With great address I stole up to him, holding a large Pistojan dagger, [2] and dealt him a back-handed stroke, with which I meant to cut his head clean off; but as he turned round very suddenly, the blow fell upon the point of his left shoulder and broke the bone.He sprang up, dropped his sword, half-stunned with the great pain, and took to flight.I followed after, and in four steps caught him up, when I lifted my dagger above his head, which he was holding very low, and hit him in the back exactly at the juncture of the nape-bone and the neck.The poniard entered this point so deep into the bone, that, though I used all my strength to pull it out, I was not able.For just at that moment four soldiers with drawn swords sprang out from Antea’s lodging, and obliged me to set hand to my own sword to defend my life.Leaving the poniard then, I made off, and fearing I might be recognised, took refuge in the palace of Duke Alessandro, which was between Piazza Navona and the Rotunda.[3] On my arrival, I asked to see the Duke; who told me that, if I was alone, I need only keep quiet and have no further anxiety, but to go on working at the jewel which the Pope had set his heart on, and stay eight days indoors.He gave this advice the more securely, because the soldiers had now arrived who interrupted the completion of my deed; they held the dagger in their hand, and were relating how the matter happened, and the great trouble they had to pull the weapon from the neck and head-bone of the man, whose name they did not know.Just then Giovan Bandini came up, and said to them.[4] “That poniard is mine, and I lent it to Benvenuto, who was bent on revenging his brother.”The soldiers were profuse in their expressions of regret at having interrupted me, although my vengeance had been amply satisfied.

More than eight days elapsed, and the Pope did not send for me according to his custom.Afterwards he summoned me through his chamberlain, the Bolognese nobleman I have already mentioned, who let me, in his own modest manner, understand that his Holiness knew all, but was very well inclined toward me, and that I had only to mind my work and keep quiet.When we reached the presence, the Pope cast so menacing a glance towards me, that the mere look of his eyes made me tremble.Afterwards, upon examining my work his countenance cleared, and he began to praise me beyond measure, saying that I had done a vast amount in a short time.Then, looking me straight in the face, he added: “Now that you are cured, Benvenuto, take heed how you live.”[5] I, who understood his meaning, promised that I would.Immediately upon this, I opened a very fine shop in the Banchi, opposite Raffaello, and there I finished the jewel after the lapse of a few months.

Note 1.'Ferri.'I have translated this word 'dies;' but it seems to mean all the coining instruments, 'stampe' or 'conii' being the dies proper.

Note 2.'Pugnal pistolese;' it came in time to mean a cutlass.

Note 3.That is, the Pantheon.

Note 4.Bandini bears a distinguished name in Florentine annals.He served Duke Alessandro in affairs of much importance; but afterwards he betrayed the interests of his master, Duke Cosimo, in an embassy to Charles V in 1543.It seems that he had then been playing into the hands of Filippo Strozzi, for which offence he passed fifteen years in a dungeon.See Varchi and Segni; also Montazio’s 'Prigionieri del Mastio di Volterra,' cap.vii.

Note 5.This was the Pope’s hint to Cellini that he was aware of the murder he had just committed.

LII

THE POPE had sent me all those precious stones, except the diamond, which was pawned to certain Genoese bankers for some pressing need he had of money.The rest were in my custody, together with a model of the diamond.I had five excellent journeymen, and in addition to the great piece, I was engaged on several jobs; so that my shop contained property of much value in jewels, gems, and gold and silver.I kept a shaggy dog, very big and handsome, which Duke Alessandro gave me; the beast was capital as a retriever, since he brought me every sort of birds and game I shot, but he also served most admirably for a watchdog.It happened, as was natural at the age of twenty-nine, that I had taken into my service a girl of great beauty and grace, whom I used as a model in my art, and who was also complaisant of her personal favours to me.Such being the case, I occupied an apartment far away from my workmen’s rooms, as well as from the shop; and this communicated by a little dark passage with the maid’s bedroom.I used frequently to pass the night with her; and though I sleep as lightly as ever yet did man upon this earth, yet, after indulgence in sexual pleasure, my slumber is sometimes very deep and heavy.

So it chanced one night: for I must say that a thief, under the pretext of being a goldsmith, had spied on me, and cast his eyes upon the precious stones, and made a plan to steal them.Well, then, this fellow broke into the shop, where he found a quantity of little things in gold and silver.He was engaged in bursting open certain boxes to get at the jewels he had noticed, when my dog jumped upon him, and put him to much trouble to defend himself with his sword.The dog, unable to grapple with an armed man, ran several times through the house, and rushed into the rooms of the journeymen, which had been left open because of the great heat.When he found they paid no heed to his loud barking, he dragged their bed-clothes off; and when they still heard nothing, he pulled first one and then another by the arm till he roused them, and, barking furiously, ran before to show them where he wanted them to go.At last it became clear that they refused to follow; for the traitors, cross at being disturbed, threw stones and sticks at him; and this they could well do, for I had ordered them to keep all night a lamp alight there; and in the end they shut their rooms tight; so the dog, abandoning all hope of aid from such rascals, set out alone again on his adventure.He ran down, and not finding the thief in the shop, flew after him.When he got at him, he tore the cape off his back.It would have gone hard with the fellow had he not called for help to certain tailors, praying them for God’s sake to save him from a mad dog; and they, believing what he said, jumped out and drove the dog off with much trouble.

After sunrise my workmen went into the shop, and saw that it had been broken open and all the boxes smashed.They began to scream at the top of their voices: “Ah, woe is me!Ah, woe is me!”The clamour woke me, and I rushed out in a panic.Appearing thus before them, they cried out: “Alas to us!for we have been robbed by some one, who has broken and borne everything away!”These words wrought so forcibly upon my mind that I dared not go to my big chest and look if it still held the jewels of the Pope.So intense was the anxiety, that I seemed to lose my eyesight, and told them they themselves must unlock the chest, and see how many of the Pope’s gems were missing.The fellow were all of them in their shirts; and when, on opening the chest, they saw the precious stones and my work with them, they took heart of joy and shouted: “There is no harm done; your piece and all the stones are here; but the thief has left us naked to the shirt, because last night, by reason of the burning heat, we took our clothes off in the shop and left them here.”Recovering my senses, I thanked God, and said: “Go and get yourselves new suits of clothes; I will pay when I hear at leisure how the whole thing happened.”What caused me the most pain, and made me lose my senses, and take fright-so contrary to my real nature-was the dread lest peradventure folk should fancy I had trumped a story of the robber up to steal the jewels.It had already been paid to Pope Clement by one of his most trusted servants, and by others, that is, by Francesco del Nero, Zana de’ Biliotti his accountant, the Bishop of Vasona, and several such men: [1] “Why, most blessed Father, do you confide gems of that vast value to a young fellow, who is all fire, more passionate for arms than for his art, and not yet thirty years of age?”The Pope asked in answer if any one of them knew that I had done aught to justify such suspicions.Whereto Francesco del Nero, his treasurer, replied: [2] “No, most blessed Father, because he has not as yet had an opportunity.“Whereto the Pope rejoined: “I regard him as a thoroughly honest man; and if I saw with my own eyes some crime he had committed, I should not believe it.”This was the man who [3] caused me the greatest torment, and who suddenly came up before my mind.

After telling the young men to provide themselves with fresh clothes, I took my piece, together with the gems, setting them as well as I could in their proper places, and went off at once with them to the Pope.Francesco del Nero had already told him something of the trouble in my shop, and had put suspicions in his head.So then, taking the thing rather ill than otherwise, he shot a furious glance upon me, and cried haughtily: “What have you come to do here?What is up?”“Here are all your precious stones, and not one of them is missing.”At this the Pope’s face cleared, and he said: “So then, you’re welcome.”I showed him the piece, and while he was inspecting it, I related to him the whole story of the thief and of my agony, and what had been my greatest trouble in the matter.During this speech, he oftentimes turned round to look me sharply in the eyes; and Francesco del Nero being also in the presence, this seemed to make him half sorry that he had not guessed the truth.At last, breaking into laughter at the long tale I was telling, he sent me off with these words: “Go, and take heed to be an honest man, as indeed I know that you are.”

Note 1.Of these people, we can trace the Bishop of Vasona.He was Girolamo Schio or Schedo, a native of Vicenza, the confidential agent and confessor of Clement VII., who obtained the See of Vaison in the county of Avignon in 1523, and died at Rome in 1533.His successor in the bishopric was Tomaso Cortesi, the Datary, mentioned above.

Note 2.Varchi gives a very ugly account of this man, Francesco del
Nero, who was nicknamed the 'Crà del Piccadiglio,' in his History of
Florence, book iii. “In the whole city of Florence there never was born,
in my belief, a man of such irreligion or of such sordid avarice.”
Giovio confirms the statement.

Note 3.'Questo fu quello che.'This may be neuter: 'This was the circumstance which.'

LIII

I WENT on working assiduously at the button, and at the same time laboured for the Mint, when certain pieces of false money got abroad in Rome, stamped with my own dies.They were brought at once to the Pope, who, hearing things against me, said to Giacopo Balducci, the Master of the Mint, “Take every means in your power to find the criminal; for we are sure that Benvenuto is an honest fellow.”That traitor of a master, being in fact my enemy, replied: “Would God, most blessed Father, that it may turn out as you say; for we have some proofs against him.”Upon this the Pope turned to the Governor of Rome, and bade him see he found the malefactor.During those days the Pope sent for me, and leading cautiously in conversation to the topic of the coins, asked me at the fitting moment: “Benvenuto, should you have the heart to coin false money?”To this I replied that I thought I could do so better than all the rascals who gave their minds to such vile work; for fellows who practice lewd trades of that sort are not capable of earning money, nor are they men of much ability.I, on the contrary, with my poor wits could gain enough to keep me comfortably; for when I set dies for the Mint, each morning before dinner I put at least three crowns into my pocket; this was the customary payment for the dies, and the Master of the Mint bore me a grudge, because he would have liked to have them cheaper; so then, what I earned with God’s grace and the world’s, sufficed me, and by coining false money I should not have made so much.The pope very well perceived my drift; and whereas he had formerly given orders that they should see I did not fly from Rome, he now told them to look well about and have no heed of me, seeing he was ill-disposed to anger me, and in this way run the risk of losing me.The officials who received these orders were certain clerks of the Camera, who made the proper search, as was their duty, and soon found the rogue.He was a stamper in the service of the Mint, named Cesare Macherone, and a Roman citizen.Together with this man they detected a metal-founder of the Mint.1

Note 1.The word in Cellini is ovolatore di zecca.

LIV

ON that very day, as I was passing through the Piazza Navona, and had my fine retriever with me, just when we came opposite the gate of the Bargello, my dog flew barking loudly inside the door upon a youth, who had been arrested at the suit of a man called Donnino (a goldsmith from Parma, and a former pupil of Caradosso), on the charge of having robbed him.The dog strove so violently to tear the fellow to pieces, that the constables were moved to pity.It so happened that he was pleading his own cause with boldness, and Donnino had not evidence enough to support the accusation; and what was more, one of the corporals of the guard, a Genoese, was a friend of the young man’s father.The upshot was that, what with the dog and with those other circumstances, they were on the point of releasing their prisoner.When I came up, the dog had lost all fear of sword or staves, and was flying once more at the young man; so they told me if I did not call the brute off they would kill him.I held him back as well as I was able; but just then the fellow, in the act of readjusting his cape, let fall some paper packets from the hood, which Donnino recognised as his property.I too recognised a little ring; whereupon I called out.“This is the thief who broke into my shop and robbed it; and therefore my dog knows him;” then I loosed the dog, who flew again upon the robber.On this the fellow craved for mercy, promising to give back whatever he possessed of mine.When I had secured the dog, he proceeded to restore the gold and silver and the rings which he had stolen from me, and twenty-five crowns in addition.Then he cried once more to me for pity.I told him to make his peace with God, for I should do him neither good nor evil.So I returned to my business; and a few days afterwards, Cesare Macherone, the false coiner, was hanged in the Banchi opposite the Mint; his accomplice was sent to the galleys; the Genoese thief was hanged in the Campo di Fiore, while I remained in better repute as an honest man than I had enjoyed before.

LV

WHEN I had nearly finished my piece, there happened that terrible inundation which flooded the whole of Rome.[1] I waited to see what would happen; the day was well-nigh spent, for the clocks struck twenty-two and the water went on rising formidably.Now the front of my house and shop faced the Banchi, but the back was several yards higher, because it turned toward Monte Giordano; accordingly, bethinking me first of my own safety and in the next place of my honour, I filled my pockets with the jewels, and gave the gold-piece into the custody of my workmen, and then descended barefoot from the back-windows, and waded as well as I could until I reached Monte Cavallo.There I sought out Messer Giovanni Gaddi, clerk of the Camera, and Bastiano Veneziano, the painter.To the former I confided the precious stones, to keep in safety: he had the same regard for me as though I had been his brother.A few days later, when the rage of the river was spent, I returned to my workshop, and finished the piece with such good fortune, through God’s grace and my own great industry, that it was held to be the finest masterpiece which had been ever seen in Rome.[2]

When then I took it to the Pope, he was insatiable in praising me, and said: “Were I but a wealthy emperor, I would give my Benvenuto as much land as his eyes could survey; yet being nowadays but needy bankrupt potentates, we will at any rate give him bread enough to satisfy his modest wishes.”I let the Pope run on to the end of his rhodomontade, [3] and then asked him for a mace-bearer’s place which happened to be vacant.He replied that he would grant me something of far greater consequence.I begged his Holiness to bestow this little thing on me meanwhile by way of earnest.He began to laugh, and said he was willing, but that he did not wish me to serve, and that I must make some arrangement with the other mace-bearers to be exempted.He would allow them through me a certain favour, for which they had already petitioned, namely, the right of recovering their fees at law.This was accordingly done, and that mace-bearer’s office brought me in little less than 200 crowns a year.4

Note 1.This took place on the 8th and 9th October, 1530.

Note 2.This famous masterpiece was preserved in the Castle of S.Angelo during the Papal Government of Rome.It was brought out on Christmas, Easter, and S.Peter’s days.

Note 3.'Quella sua smania di parole.'

Note 4.Cellini received this post among the Mazzieri (who walked like beadles before the Pope) on April 14, 1531.He resigned it in favour of Pietro Cornaro of Venice in 1535.

LVI

I CONTINUED to work for the Pope, executing now one trifle and now another, when he commissioned me to design a chalice of exceeding richness.So I made both drawing and model for the piece.The latter was constructed of wood and wax.Instead of the usual top, I fashioned three figures of a fair size in the round; they represented Faith, Hope, and Charity.Corresponding to these, at the base of the cup, were three circular histories in bas-relief.One was the Nativity of Christ, the second the Resurrection, and the third S.Peter crucified head downwards; for thus I had received commission.While I had this work in hand, the Pope was often pleased to look at it; wherefore, observing that his Holiness had never thought again of giving me anything, and knowing that a post in the Piombo was vacant, I asked for this one evening.The good Pope, quite oblivious of his extravagances at the termination of the last piece, said to me: “That post in the Piombo is worth more than 800 crowns a year, so that if I gave it you, you would spend your time in scratching your paunch, [1] and your magnificent handicraft would be lost, and I should bear the blame.”I replied at once as thus: “Cats of a good breed mouse better when they are fat than starving; and likewise honest men who possess some talent, exercise it to far nobler purport when they have the wherewithal to live abundantly; wherefore princes who provide such folk with competences, let your Holiness take notice, are watering the roots of genius; for genius and talent, at their birth, come into this world lean and scabby; and your Holiness should also know that I never asked for the place with the hope of getting it.Only too happy I to have that miserable post of mace-bearer.On the other I built but castles in the air.Your Holiness will do well, since you do not care to give it me, to bestow it on a man of talent who deserves it, and not upon some fat ignoramus who will spend his time scratching his paunch, if I may quote your holiness’ own words.Follow the example of Pope Giulio’s illustrious memory, who conferred an office of the same kind upon Bramante, that most admirable architect.”

Immediately on finishing this speech, I made my bow, and went off in a fury.Then Bastiano Veneziano the painter approached, and said: “Most blessed Father, may your Holiness be willing to grant it to one who works assiduously in the exercise of some talent; and as your Holiness knows that I am diligent in my art, I beg that I may be thought worthy of it.”The Pope replied: “That devil Benvenuto will not brook rebuke.I was inclined to give it him, but it is not right to be so haughty with a Pope.Therefore I do not well know what I am to do.”The Bishop of Vasona then came up, and put in a word for Bastiano, saying: “Most blessed Father, Benvenuto is but young; and a sword becomes him better than a friar’s frock.Let your Holiness give the place to this ingenious person Bastiano.Some time or other you will be able to bestow on Benvenuto a good thing, perhaps more suitable to him than this would be.”Then the Pope turning to Messer Bartolommeo Valori, told him: “When next you meet Benvenuto, let him know from me that it was he who got that office in the Piombo for Bastiano the painter, and add that he may reckon on obtaining the next considerable place that falls; meanwhile let him look to his behaviour, and finish my commissions.”[2]

The following evening, two hours after sundown, I met Messer Bartolommeo Valori [3] at the corner of the Mint; he was preceded by two torches, and was going in haste to the Pope, who had sent for him.On my taking off my hat, he stopped and called me, and reported in the most friendly manner all the messages the Pope had sent me.I replied that I should complete my work with greater diligence and application than any I had yet attempted, but without the least hope of having any reward whatever from the Pope.Messer Bartolommeo reproved me, saying that this was not the way in which one ought to reply to the advances of a Pope.I answered that I should be mad to reply otherwise-mad if I based my hopes on such promises, being certain to get nothing.So I departed, and went off to my business.

Messer Bartolommeo must have reported my audacious speeches to the Pope, and more perhaps than I had really said; for his Holiness waited above two months before he sent to me, and during that while nothing would have induced me to go uncalled for to the palace.Yet he was dying with impatience to see the chalice, and commissioned Messer Ruberto Pucci to give heed to what I was about.[4] That right worthy fellow came daily to visit me, and always gave me some kindly word, which I returned.The time was drawing nigh now for the Pope to travel toward Bologna; [5] so at last, perceiving that I did not mean to come to him, he made Messer Ruberto bid me bring my work, that he might see how I was getting on.Accordingly, I took it; and having shown, as the piece itself proved, that the most important part was finished, I begged him to advance me five hundred crowns, partly on account, and partly because I wanted gold to complete the chalice.The Pope said: “Go on, go on at work till it is finished.”I answered, as I took my leave, that I would finish it if he paid me the money.And so I went away.

Note 1.'Grattare il corpo,' which I have translated scratch your paunch, is equivalent to 'twirl your thumbs.'

Note 2.The office of the Piombo in Rome was a bureau in which leaden seals were appended to Bulls and instruments of state.It remained for a long time in the hands of the Cistercians; but it used also to be conferred on laymen, among whom were Bremante and Sebastiano del Piombo.When the latter obtained it, he neglected his art and gave himself up to “scratching his paunch,” as Cellini predicted.

Note 3.Bartolommeo or Baccio Valori, a devoted adherent of the Medici, played an important part in Florentine history.He was Clement’s commissary to the Prince of Orange during the siege.Afterwards, feeling himself ill repaid for his services, he joined Filippo Strozzi in his opposition to the Medicean rule, and was beheaded in 1537, together with his son and a nephew.

Note 4.Roberto Pucci was another of the devoted Medicean partisans who remained true to his colours.He sat among the forty-eight senators of Alessandro, and was made a Cardinal by Paul III.in 1534.

Note 5.On November 18, 1532, Clement went to meet Charles V.at
Bologna, where, in 1529, he had already given him the Imperial crown.

LVII

WHEN the Pope took his journey to Bologna, he left Cardinal Salviati as Legate of Rome, and gave him commission to push the work that I was doing forward, adding: “Benvenuto is a fellow who esteems his own great talents but slightly, and us less; look to it then that you keep him always going, so that I may find the chalice finished on my return.”

That beast of a Cardinal sent for me after eight days, bidding me bring the piece up.On this I went to him without the piece.No sooner had I shown my face, than he called out: “Where is that onion-stew of yours?[1] Have you got it ready?”I answered: “O most reverend Monsignor, I have not got my onion-stew ready, nor shall I make it ready, unless you give me onions to concoct it with.”At these words the Cardinal, who looked more like a donkey than a man, turned uglier by half than he was naturally; and wanting at once to cut the matter short, cried out: “I’ll send you to a galley, and then perhaps you’ll have the grace [2] to go on with your labour.”The bestial manners of the man made me a beast too; and I retorted: “Monsignor, send me to the galleys when I’ve done deeds worthy of them; but for my present laches, I snap my fingers at your galleys: and what is more, I tell you that, just because of you, I will not set hand further to my piece.Don’t send for me again, for I won’t appear, no, not if you summon me by the police.”

After this, the good Cardinal tried several times to let me know that I ought to go on working, and to bring him what I was doing to look at.I only told his messengers: “Say to Monsignor that he must send me onions, if he wants me to get my stew ready.”Nor gave I ever any other answer; so that he threw up the commission in despair.

Note 1.'Cipollata.'Literally, a show of onions and pumpkins; metaphorically, a mess, gallimaufry.

Note 2.'Arai di grazia di.'I am not sure whether I have given the right shade of meaning in the text above.It may mean: 'You will be permitted.'

LVIII

THE POPE came back from Bologna, and sent at once for me, because the Cardinal had written the worst he could of my affairs in his despatches.He was in the hottest rage imaginable, and bade me come upon the instant with my piece.I obeyed.Now, while the Pope was staying at Bologna, I had suffered from an attack of inflammation in the eyes, so painful that I scarce could go on living for the torment; and this was the chief reason why I had not carried out my work.The trouble was so serious that I expected for certain to be left without my eyesight; and I had reckoned up the sum on which I could subsist, if I were blind for life.Upon the way to the Pope, I turned over in my mind what I should put forward to excuse myself for not having been able to advance his work.I thought that while he was inspecting the chalice, I might tell him of my personal embarrassments.However, I was unable to do so; for when I arrived in the presence, he broke out coarsely at me: “Come here with your work; is it finished?”I displayed it; and his temper rising, he exclaimed: “In God’s truth I tell thee, thou that makest it thy business to hold no man in regard, that, were it not for decency and order, I would have thee chucked together with thy work there out of windows.”Accordingly, when I perceived that the Pope had become no better than a vicious beast, my chief anxiety was how I could manage to withdraw from his presence.So, while he went on bullying, I tucked the piece beneath my cape, and muttered under my breath: “The whole world could not compel a blind man to execute such things as these.”Raising his voice still higher, the Pope shouted: “Come here; what say’st thou?”I stayed in two minds, whether or not to dash at full speed down the staircase; then I took my decision and threw myself upon my knees, shouting as loudly as I could, for he too had not ceased from shouting: “If an infirmidy has blinded me, am I bound to go on working?”He retorted: “You saw well enough to make your way hither, and I don’t believe one word of what you say.”I answered, for I noticed he had dropped his voice a little: “Let your Holiness inquire of your physician, and you will find the truth out.”He said: “So ho!softly; at leisure we shall hear if what you say is so.”Then, perceiving that he was willing to give me hearing, I added: “I am convinced that the only cause of this great trouble which has happened to me is Cardinal Salviati; for he sent to me immediately after your holiness’ departure, and when I presented myself, he called my work a stew of onions, and told me he would send me to complete it in a galley; and such was the effect upon me of his knavish words, that in my passion I felt my face in flame, and so intolerable a heat attacked my eyes that I could not find my own way home.Two days afterwards, cataracts fell on both my eyes; I quite lost my sight, and after your holiness’ departure I have been unable to work at all.”

Rising from my knees, I left the presence without further license.It was afterwards reported to me that the Pope has said: “One can give commissions, but not the prudence to perform them.I did not tell the Cardinal to go so brutally about this business.[1] If it is true that he is suffering from his eyes, of which I shall get information through my doctor, one ought to make allowance for him.”A great gentleman, intimate with the Pope, and a man of very distinguished parts, happened to be present.He asked who I was, using terms like these: “Most blessed Father, pardon if I put a question.I have seen you yield at one and the same time to the hottest anger I ever observed, and then to the warmest compassion; so I beg your Holiness to tell me who the man is; for if he is a person worthy to be helped, I can teach him a secret which may cure him of that infirmity.”The Pope replied: “He is the greatest artist who was ever born in his own craft; one day, when we are together, I will show you some of his marvellous works, and the man himself to boot; and I shall be pleased if we can see our way toward doing something to assist him.”Three days after this, the Pope sent for me after dinnertime, and I found that great noble in the presence.On my arrival, the Pope had my cope-button brought, and I in the meantime drew forth my chalice.The nobleman said, on looking at it, that he had never seen a more stupendous piece of work.When the button came, he was still more struck with wonder: and looking me straight in the face, he added: “The man is young, I trow, to be so able in his art, and still apt enough to learn much.”He then asked me what my name was.I answered: “My name is Benvenuto.”He replied: “And Benvenuto shall I be this day to you.Take flower-de-luces, stalk, blossom, root, together; then decoct them over a slack fire; and with the liquid bathe your eyes several times a day; you will most certainly be cured of that weakness; but see that you purge first, and then go forward with the lotion.”The Pope gave me some kind words, and so I went away half satisfied.

Note 1.'Che mettessi tanta mazza.'

LIX

IT was true indeed that I had got the sickness; but I believe I caught it from that fine young servant-girl whom I was keeping when my house was robbed.The French disease, for it was that, remained in me more than four months dormant before it showed itself, and then it broke out over my whole body at one instant.It was not like what one commonly observes, but covered my flesh with certain blisters, of the size of six-pences, and rose-coloured.The doctors would not call it the French disease, albeit I told them why I thought it was that.I went on treating myself according to their methods, but derived no benefit.At last, then, I resolved on taking the wood, against the advice of the first physicians in Rome; [1] and I took it with the most scrupulous discipline and rules of abstinence that could be thought of; and after a few days, I perceived in me a great amendment.The result was that at the end of fifty days I was cured and as sound as a fish in the water.

Some time afterwards I sought to mend my shattered health, and with this view I betook myself to shooting when the winter came in.That amusement, however, led me to expose myself to wind and water, and to staying out in marsh-lands; so that, after a few days, I fell a hundred times more ill than I had been before.I put myself once more under doctors’ orders, and attended to their directions, but grew always worse.When the fever fell upon me, I resolved on having recourse again to the wood; but the doctors forbade it, saying that I took if it with the fever on me, I should not have a week to live.However, I made my mind up to disobey their orders, observed the same diet as I had formerly adopted, and after drinking the decoction four days, was wholly rid of fever.My health improved enormously; and while I was following this cure, I went on always working at the models of the chalice.I may add that, during the time of that strict abstinence, I produced finer things and of more exquisite invention than at any other period of my life.After fifty days my health was re-established, and I continued with the utmost care to keep it and confirm it.When at last I ventured to relax my rigid diet, I found myself as wholly free from those infirmities as though I had been born again.Although I took pleasure in fortifying the health I so much longed for, yet I never left off working; both the chalice and the Mint had certainly as much of my attention as was due to them and to myself.

Note 1.That is, Guiacum, called by the Italians 'legno santo.'

LX

IT happened that Cardinal Salviati, who, as I have related, entertained an old hostility against me, had been appointed Legate to Parma.In that city a certain Milanese goldsmith, named Tobbia, was taken up for false coining, and condemned to the gallows and the stake.Representations in his favour, as being a man of great ability, were made to the Cardinal, who suspended the execution of the sentence, and wrote to the Pope, saying the best goldsmith in the world had come into his hands, sentenced to death for coining false money, but that he was a good simple fellow, who could plead in his excuse that he had taken counsel with his confessor, and had received, as he said, from him permission to do this.Thereto he added: “If you send for this great artist to Rome, your Holiness will bring down the overweening arrogance of your favourite Benvenuto, and I am quite certain that Tobbia’s work will please you far more than his.”The Pope accordingly sent for him at once; and when the man arrived, he made us both appear before him, and commissioned each of us to furnish a design for mounting an unicorn’s horn, the finest which had ever been seen, and which had been sold for 17,000 ducats of the Camera.The Pope meant to give it to King Francis; but first he wished it richly set in gold, and ordered us to make sketches for this purpose.When they were finished, we took them to the Pope.That of Tobbia was in the form of a candlestick, the horn being stuck in it like a candle, and at the base of the piece he had introduced four little unicorns’ heads of a very poor design.When I saw the thing, I could not refrain from laughing gently in my sleeve.The Pope noticed this, and cried: “Here, show me your sketch!”It was a single unicorn’s head, proportioned in size to the horn.I had designed the finest head imaginable; for I took it partly from the horse and partly from the stag, enriching it with fantastic mane and other ornaments.Accordingly, no sooner was it seen, than every one decided in my favour.There were, however, present at the competition certain Milanese gentlemen of the first consequence, who said: “Most blessed Father, your Holiness is sending this magnificent present into France; please to reflect that the French are people of no culture, and will not understand the excellence of Benvenuto’s work; pyxes like this one of Tobbia’s will suit their taste well, and these too can be finished quicker.[1] Benvenuto will devote himself to completing your chalice, and you will get two pieces done in the same time; moreover, this poor man, whom you have brought to Rome, will have the chance to be employed.”The Pope, who was anxious to obtain his chalice, very willingly adopted the advice of the Milanese gentlefolk.

Next day, therefore, he commissioned Tobbia to mount the unicorn’s horn, and sent his Master of the Wardrobe to bid me finish the chalice.[2] I replied that I desired nothing in the world more than to complete the beautiful work I had begun: and if the material had been anything but gold, I could very easily have done so myself; but it being gold, his Holiness must give me some of the metal if he wanted me to get through with my work.To this the vulgar courtier answered: “Zounds!don’t ask the Pope for gold, unless you mean to drive him into such a fury as will ruin you.”I said: “Oh, my good lord, will your lordship please to tell me how one can make bread without flour?Even so without gold this piece of mine cannot be finished.”The Master of the Wardrobe, having an inkling that I had made a fool of him, told me he should report all I had spoken to his Holiness; and this he did.The Pope flew into a bestial passion, and swore he would wait to see if I was so mad as not to finish it.More than two months passed thus; and though I had declared I would not give a stroke to the chalice, I did not do so, but always went on working with the greatest interest.When he perceived I was not going to bring it, he began to display real displeasure, and protested he would punish me in one way or another.

A jeweller from Milan in the Papal service happened to be present when these words were spoken.He was called Pompeo, and was closely related to Messer Trajano, the most favoured servant of Pope Clement.The two men came, upon a common understanding, to him and said: “If your Holiness were to deprive Benvenuto of the Mint, perhaps he would take it into his head to complete the chalice.”To this the Pope answered” “No; two evil things would happen: first, I should be ill served in the Mint, which concerns me greatly; and secondly, I should certainly not get the chalice.”The two Milanese, observing the Pope indisposed towards me, at last so far prevailed that he deprived me of the Mint, and gave it to a young Perugian, commonly known as Fagiuolo.[3] Pompeo came to inform me that his Holiness had taken my place in the Mint away, and that if I did not finish the chalice, he would deprive me of other things besides.I retorted: “Tell his Holiness that he has deprived himself and not me of the Mint, and that he will be doing the same with regard to those other things of which he speaks; and that if he wants to confer the post on me again, nothing will induce me to accept it.”The graceless and unlucky fellow went off like an arrow to find the Pope and report this conversation; he added also something of his own invention.Eight days later, the Pope sent the same man to tell me that he did not mean me to finish the chalice, and wanted to have it back precisely at the point to which I had already brought it.I told Pompeo: “This thing is not like the Mint, which it was in his power to take away; but five hundred crowns which I received belong to his Holiness, and I am ready to return them; the piece itself is mine, and with it I shall do what I think best.”Pompeo ran off to report my speech, together with some biting words which in my righteous anger I had let fly at himself.

Note 1.The word I have translated 'pyxes' is 'ciborii,' vessels for holding the Eucharist.

Note 2.The Master of the Wardrobe was at that time Giovanni Aleotti.I need hardly remind my readers that 'Guardaroba' or wardrobe was the apartment in a palace where arms, plate, furniture, and clothes were stored.We shall find, when we come to Cellini’s service under Duke Cosimo, that princes spent much of their time in this place.

Note 3.Vasari mentions a Girolamo Fagiuoli, who flourished at this period but calls him a Bolognese.

LXI

AFTER the lapse of three days, on a Thursday, there came to me two favourite Chamberlains of his Holiness; one of them is alive now, and a bishop; he was called Messer Pier Giovanni, and was an officer of the wardrobe; the other could claim nobler birth, but his name has escaped me.On arriving they spoke as follows: The Pope hath sent us.Benvenuto; and since you have not chosen to comply with his request on easy terms, his commands now are that either you should give us up his piece, or that we should take you to prison.”Thereupon I looked them very cheerfully in the face, replying: “My lords, if I were to give the work to his Holiness, I should be giving what is mine and not his, and at present I have no intention to make him this gift.I have brought it far forward with great labour, and do not want it to go into the hands of some ignorant beast who will destroy it with no trouble.”While I spoke thus, the goldsmith Tobbia was standing by, who even presumptuously asked me for the models also of my work.What I retorted, in words worthy of such a rascal, need not here be repeated.Then, when those gentlemen, the Chamberlains, kept urging me to do quickly what I meant to do, I told them I was ready.So I took my cape up, and before I left the shop, I turned to an image of Christ, with solemn reverence and cap in hand, praying as thus: “O gracious and undying, just and holy our Lord, all the things thou doest are according to thy justice, which hath no peer on earth.Thou knowest that I have exactly reached the age of thirty, and that up to this hour I was never threatened with a prison for any of my actions.Now that it is thy will that I should go to prison, with all my heart I thank thee for this dispensation.”Thereat I turned round to the two Chamberlains, and addressed them with a certain lowering look I have: “A man of my quality deserved no meaner catchpoles than your lordships: place me between you, and take me as your prisoner where you like.”Those two gentlemen, with the most perfect manners, burst out laughing, and put me between them; and so we went off, talking pleasantly, until they brought me to the Governor of Rome, who was called Il Magalotto.[1] When I reached him (and the Procurator-Fiscal was with him both waiting for me), the Pope’s Chamberlains, still laughing, said to the Governor: “We give up to you this prisoner; now see you take good care of him.We are very glad to have acted in the place of your agents; for Benvenuto has told us that this being his first arrest, he deserved no catchpoles of inferior station than we are.”Immediately on leaving us, they sought the Pope; and when they had minutely related the whole matter, he made at first as though he would give way to passion, but afterwards he put control upon himself and laughed, because there were then in the presence certain lords and cardinals, my friends, who had warmly espoused my cause.

Meanwhile, the Governor and the Fiscal were at me, partly bullying, partly expostulating, partly giving advice, and saying it was only reason that a man who ordered work from another should be able to withdraw it at his choice, and in any way which he thought best.To this I replied that such proceedings were not warranted by justice, neither could a Pope act thus; for that a Pope is not of the same kind as certain petty tyrant princes, who treat their folk as badly as they can, without regard to law or justice; and so a Vicar of Christ may not commit any of these acts of violence.Thereat the Governor, assuming his police-court style of threatening and bullying, began to say: “Benvenuto, Benvenuto, you are going about to make me treat you as you deserve.”“You will treat me with honour and courtesy, if you wish to act as I deserve.”Taking me up again, he cried: “Send for the work at once, and don’t wait for a second order.”I responded: “My lords, grant me the favour of being allowed to say four more words in my defence.”The Fiscal, who was a far more reasonable agent of police than the Governor, turned to him and said: “Monsignor, suppose we let him say a hundred words, if he likes: so long as he gives up the work, that is enough for us.”I spoke: “If any man you like to name had ordered a palace or a house to be built, he could with justice tell the master-mason:’I do not want you to go on working at my house or palace;’ and after paying him his labour, he would have the right to dismiss him.Likewise, if a nobleman gave commission for a jewel of a thousand crowns’ value to be set, when he saw that the jeweller was not serving him according to his desire, he could say:’Give me back my stone, for I do not want your work.’But in a case of this kind none of those considerations apply; there is neither house nor jewel here; nobody can command me further than that I should return the five hundred crowns which I have had.Therefore, monsignori, do everything you can do; for you will get nothing from me beyond the five hundred crowns.Go and say this to the Pope.Your threats do not frighten me at all; for I am an honest man, and stand in no fear of my sins.”The Governor and Fiscal rose, and said they were going to the Pope, and should return with orders which I should soon learn to my cost.So I remained there under guard.I walked up and down a large hall, and they were about three hours away before they came back from the Pope.In that while the flower of our nation among the merchants came to visit me, imploring me not to persist in contending with a Pope, for this might be the ruin of me.I answered them that I had made my mind up quite well what I wished to do.

Note 1.Gregorio Magalotti was a Roman.The Procurator-Fiscal was then Benedetto Valenti.Magalotti is said to have discharged his office with extreme severity, and to have run great risks of his life in consequence.

LXII

NO sooner had the Governor returned, together with the Procurator, from the palace, than he sent for me, and spoke to this effect: “Benvenuto, I am certainly sorry to come back from the Pope with such commands as I have received; you must either produce the chalice on the instant, or look to your affairs.”Then I replied that “inasmuch as I had never to that hour believed a holy Vicar of Christ could commit an unjust act, so I should like to see it before I did believe it; therefore do the utmost that you can.”The Governor rejoined: “I have to report a couple of words more from the Pope to you, and then I will execute the orders given me.He says that you must bring your work to me here, and that after I have seen it put into a box and sealed, I must take it to him.He engages his word not to break the seal, and to return the piece to you untouched.But this much he wants to have done, in order to preserve his own honour in the affair.”In return to this speech, I answered, laughing, that I would very willingly give up my work in the way he mentioned, because I should be glad to know for certain what a Pope’s word was really worth.

Accordingly, I sent for my piece, and having had it sealed as described, gave it up to him.The Governor repaired again to the Pope, who took the box, according to what the Governor himself told me, and turned it several times about.Then he asked the Governor if he had seen the work; and he replied that he had, and that it had been sealed up in his presence, and added that it had struck him as a very admirable piece.Thereupon the Pope said: “You shall tell Benvenuto that Popes have authority to bind and loose things of far greater consequence than this;” and while thus speaking he opened the box with some show of anger, taking off the string and seals with which it was done up.Afterwards he paid it prolonged attention; and, as I subsequently heard, showed it to Tobbia the gold-smith, who bestowed much praise upon it.Then the Pope asked him if he felt equal to producing a piece in that style.On his saying yes, the Pope told him to follow it out exactly; then turned to the Governor and said: “See whether Benvenuto will give it up; for if he does, he shall be paid the value fixed on it by men of knowledge in this art; but if he is really bent on finishing it himself, let him name a certain time; and if you are convinced that he means to do it, let him have all the reasonable accommodations he may ask for.”The Governor replied: “Most blessed Father, I know the violent temper of this young man; so let me have authority to give him a sound rating after my own fashion.”The Pope told him to do what he liked with words, though he was sure he would make matters worse; and if at last he could do nothing else, he must order me to take the five hundred crowns to his jeweller, Pompeo.

The Governor returned, sent for me into his cabinet, and casting one of his catchpole’s glances, began to speak as follows: “Popes have authority to loose and bind the whole world, and what they do is immediately ratified in heaven.Behold your box, then, which has been opened and inspected by his Holiness.”I lifted up my voice at once, and said: “I thank God that now I have learned and can report what the faith of Popes is made of.”Then the Governor launched out into brutal bullying words and gestures; but perceiving that they came to nothing, he gave up his attempt as desperate, and spoke in somewhat milder tones after this wise: “Benvenuto, I am very sorry that you are so blind to your own interest; but since it is so, go and take the five hundred crowns, when you think fit, to Pompeo.”I took my piece up, went away, and carried the crowns to Pompeo on the instant.It is most likely that the Pope had counted on some want of money or other opportunity preventing me from bringing so considerable a sum at once, and was anxious in this way to repiece the broken thread of my obedience.When then he saw Pompeo coming to him with a smile upon his lips and the money in his hand, he soundly rated him, and lamented that the affair had turned out so.Then he said: “Go find Benvenuto in his shop, and treat him with all the courtesies of which your ignorant and brutal nature is capable, and tell him that if he is willing to finish that piece for a reliquary to hold the Corpus Domini when I walk in procession, I will allow him the conveniences he wants in order to complete it; provided only that he goes on working.”Pompeo came to me, called me outside the shop, and heaped on me the most mawkish caresses of a donkey, [1] reporting everything the Pope had ordered.I lost no time in answering that “the greatest treasure I could wish for in the world was to regain the favour of so great a Pope, which had been lost to me, not indeed by my fault, but by the fault of my overwhelming illness and the wickedness of those envious men who take pleasure in making mischief; and since the Pope has plenty of servants, do not let him send you round again, if you value your life…nay, look well to your safety.I shall not fail, by night or day, to think and do everything I can in the Pope’s service; and bear this well in mind, that when you have reported these words to his Holiness, you never in any way whatever meddle with the least of my affairs, for I will make you recognise your errors by the punishment they merit.”The fellow related everything to the Pope, but in far more brutal terms than I had used; and thus the matter rested for a time while I again attended to my shop and business.

Note 1.'Le più isvenevole carezze d’asino.'

LXIII

TOBBIA the goldsmith meanwhile worked at the setting and the decoration of the unicorn’s horn.The Pope, moreover, commissioned him to begin the chalice upon the model he had seen in mine.But when Tobbia came to show him what he had done, he was very discontented, and greatly regretted that he had broken with me, blaming all the other man’s works and the people who had introduced them to him; and several times Baccino della Croce came from him to tell me that I must not neglect the reliquary.I answered that I begged his Holiness to let me breathe a little after the great illness I had suffered, and from which I was not as yet wholly free, adding that I would make it clear to him that all the hours in which I could work should be spent in his service.I had indeed begun to make his portrait, and was executing a medal in secret.I fashioned the steel dies for stamping this medal in my own house; while I kept a partner in my workshop, who had been my prentice and was called Felice.

At that time, as is the wont of young men, I had fallen in love with a Sicilian girl, who was exceedingly beautiful.On it becoming clear that she returned my affection, her mother perceived how the matter stood, and grew suspicious of what might happen.The truth is that I had arranged to elope with the girl for a year to Florence, unknown to her mother; but she, getting wind of this, left Rome secretly one night, and went off in the direction of Naples.She gave out that she was gone by Cività Vecchia, but she really went by Ostia.I followed them to Cività Vecchia, and did a multitude of mad things to discover her.It would be too long to narrate them all in detail; enough that I was on the point of losing my wits or dying.After two months she wrote to me that she was in Sicily, extremely unhappy.I meanwhile was indulging myself in all the pleasures man can think of, and had engaged in another love affair, merely to drown the memory of my real passion.

LXIV

IT happened through a variety of singular accidents that I became intimate with a Sicilian priest, who was a man of very elevated genius and well instructed in both Latin and Greek letters.In the course of conversation one day we were led to talk about the art of necromancy; apropos of which I said: “Throughout my whole life I have had the most intense desire to see or learn something of this art.”Thereto the priest replied: “A stout soul and a steadfast must the man have who sets himself to such an enterprise.”I answered that of strength and steadfastness of soul I should have enough and to spare, provided I found the opportunity.Then the priest said: “If you have the heart to dare it, I will amply satisfy your curiosity.”Accordingly we agreed upon attempting the adventure.

The priest one evening made his preparations, and bade me find a comrade, or not more than two.I invited Vincenzio Romoli, a very dear friend of mine, and the priest took with him a native of Pistoja, who also cultivated the black art.We went together to the Coliseum; and there the priest, having arrayed himself in necromancer’s robes, began to describe circles on the earth with the finest ceremonies that can be imagined.I must say that he had made us bring precious perfumes and fire, and also drugs of fetid odour.When the preliminaries were completed, he made the entrance into the circle; and taking us by the hand, introduced us one by one inside it.Then he assigned our several functions; to the necromancer, his comrade, he gave the pentacle to hold; the other two of us had to look after the fire and the perfumes; and then he began his incantations.This lasted more than an hour and a half; when several legions appeared, and the Coliseum was all full of devils.I was occupied with the precious perfumes, and when the priest perceived in what numbers they were present, he turned to me and said: “Benvenuto, ask them something.”I called on them to reunite me with my Sicilian Angelica.That night we obtained no answer; but I enjoyed the greatest satisfaction of my curiosity in such matters.The necromancer said that we should have to go a second time, and that I should obtain the full accomplishment of my request; but he wished me to bring with me a little boy of pure virginity.

I chose one of my shop-lads, who was about twelve years old, and invited Vincenzio Romoli again; and we also took a certain Agnolino Gaddi, who was a very intimate friend of both.When we came once more to the place appointed, the necromancer made just the same preparations, attended by the same and even more impressive details.Then he introduced us into the circle, which he had reconstructed with art more admirable and yet more wondrous ceremonies.Afterwards he appointed my friend Vincenzio to the ordering of the perfumes and the fire, and with him Agnolino Gaddi.He next placed in my hand the pentacle, which he bid me turn toward the points he indicated, and under the pentacle I held the little boy, my workman.Now the necromancer began to utter those awful invocations, calling by name on multitudes of demons who are captains of their legions, and these he summoned by the virtue and potency of God, the Uncreated, Living, and Eternal, in phrases of the Hebrew, and also of the Greek and Latin tongues; insomuch that in a short space of time the whole Coliseum was full of a hundredfold as many as had appeared upon the first occasion.Vincenzio Romoli, together with Agnolino, tended the fire and heaped on quantities of precious perfumes.At the advice of the necromancer, I again demanded to be reunited with Angelica.The sorcerer turned to me and said: “Hear you what they have replied; that in the space of one month you will be where she is?”Then once more he prayed me to stand firm by him, because the legions were a thousandfold more than he had summoned, and were the most dangerous of all the denizens of hell; and now that they had settled what I asked, it behoved us to be civil to them and dismiss them gently.On the other side, the boy, who was beneath the pentacle, shrieked out in terror that a million of the fiercest men were swarming round and threatening us.He said, moreover, that four huge giants had appeared, who were striving to force their way inside the circle.Meanwhile the necromancer, trembling with fear, kept doing his best with mild and soft persuasions to dismiss them.Vincenzio Romoli, who quaked like an aspen leaf, looked after the perfumes.Though I was quite as frightened as the rest of them, I tried to show it less, and inspired them all with marvellous courage; but the truth is that I had given myself up for dead when I saw the terror of the necromancer.The boy had stuck his head between his knees, exclaiming: “This is how I will meet death, for we are certainly dead men.”Again I said to him: “These creatures are all inferior to us, and what you see is only smoke and shadow; so then raise your eyes.”When he had raised them he cried out: “The whole Coliseum is in flames, and the fire is advancing on us;” then covering his face with his hands, he groaned again that he was dead, and that he could not endure the sight longer.The necromancer appealed for my support, entreating me to stand firm by him, and to have assafetida flung upon the coals; so I turned to Vincenzio Romoli, and told him to make the fumigation at once.While uttering these words I looked at Agnolino Gaddi, whose eyes were starting from their sockets in his terror, and who was more than half dead, and said to him: “Agnolo, in time and place like this we must not yield to fright, but do the utmost to bestir ourselves; therefore, up at once, and fling a handful of that assafetida upon the fire.”Agnolo, at the moment when he moved to do this, let fly such a volley from his breech, that it was far more effectual than the assafetida.[1] The boy, roused by that great stench and noise, lifted his face little, and hearing me laugh, he plucked up courage, and said the devils were taking to flight tempestuously.So we abode thus until the matinbells began to sound.Then the boy told us again that but few remained, and those were at a distance.When the necromancer had concluded his ceremonies, he put off his wizard’s robe, and packed up a great bundle of books which he had brought with him; then, all together, we issued with him from the circle, huddling as close as we could to one another, especially the boy, who had got into the middle, and taken the necromancer by his gown and me by the cloak.All the while that we were going toward our houses in the Banchi, he kept saying that two of the devils he had seen in the Coliseum were gamboling in front of us, skipping now along the roofs and now upon the ground.The necromancer assured me that, often as he had entered magic circles, he had never met with such a serious affair as this.He also tried to persuade me to assist him in consecrating a book, by means of which we should extract immeasurable wealth, since we could call up fiends to show us where treasures were, whereof the earth is full; and after this wise we should become the richest of mankind: love affairs like mine were nothing but vanities and follies without consequence.I replied that if I were a Latin scholar I should be very willing to do what he suggested.He continued to persuade me by arguing that Latin scholarship was of no importance, and that, if he wanted, he could have found plenty of good Latinists; but that he had never met with a man of soul so firm as mine, and that I ought to follow his counsel.Engaged in this conversation, we reached our homes, and each one of us dreamed all that night of devils.

Note 1.'Fece una istrombazzata di coregge con tanta abundanzia di merda.'

LXV

AS we were in the habit of meeting daily, the necromancer kept urging me to join in his adventure.Accordingly, I asked him how long it would take, and where we should have to go.To this he answered that we might get through with it in less than a month, and that the most suitable locality for the purpose was the hill country of Norcia; [1] a master of his in the art had indeed consecrated such a book quite close to Rome, at a place called the Badia di Farfa; but he had met with some difficulties there, which would not occur in the mountains of Norcia; the peasants also of that district are people to be trusted, and have some practice in these matters, so that at a pinch they are able to render valuable assistance.

This priestly sorcerer moved me so by his persuasions that I was well disposed to comply with his request; but I said I wanted first to finish the medals I was making for the Pope.I had confided what I was doing about them to him alone, begging him to keep my secret.At the same time I never stopped asking him if he believed that I should be reunited to my Sicilian Angelica at the time appointed; for the date was drawing near, and I thought it singular that I heard nothing about her.The necromancer told me that it was quite certain I should find myself where she was, since the devils never break their word when they promise, as they did on that occasion; but he bade me keep my eyes open, and be on the look out against some accident which might happen to me in that connection, and put restraint upon myself to endure somewhat against my inclination, for he could discern a great and imminent danger in it: well would it be for me if I went with him to consecrate the book, since this would avert the peril that menaced me, and would make us both most fortunate.

I was beginning to hanker after the adventure more than he did; but I said that a certain Maestro Giovanni of Castel Bolognese had just come to Rome, very ingenious in the art of making medals of the sort I made in steel, and that I thirsted for nothing more than to compete with him and take the world by storm with some great masterpiece, which I hoped would annihilate all those enemies of mine by the force of genius and not the sword.[2] The sorcerer on his side went on urging: “Nay, prithee, Benvenuto, come with me and shun a great disaster which I see impending over you.”However, I had made my mind up, come what would, to finish my medal, and we were now approaching the end of the month.I was so absorbed and enamoured by my work that I thought no more about Angelica or anything of that kind, but gave my whole self up to it.

Note 1.This district of the Central Apennines was always famous for witches, poisoners, and so forth.The Farfa mentioned below is a village of the Sabine hills.

Note 2.Gio.Bernardi had been in the Duke of Ferrara’s service.Giovio brought him to Rome, where he was patronised by the Cardinals Salviati and De’ Medici.He made a famous medal of Clement VII., and was a Pontifical mace-bearer.He died at Faenza in 1555.

LXVI

IT happened one day, close on the hours of vespers, that I had to go at an unusual time for me from my house to my workshop; for I ought to say that the latter was in the Banchi, while I lived behind the Banchi, and went rarely to the shop; all my business there I left in the hands of my partner, Felice.Having stayed a short while in the workshop, I remembered that I had to say something to Alessandro del Bene.So I arose, and when I reached the Banchi, I met a man called Ser Benedetto, who was a great friend of mine.He was a notary, born in Florence, son of a blind man who said prayers about the streets for alms, and a Sienese by race.This Ser Benedetto had been very many years at Naples; afterwards he had settled in Rome, where he transacted business for some Sienese merchants of the Chigi.[1] My partner had over and over again asked him for some moneys which were due for certain little rings confided to Ser Benedetto.That very day, meeting him in the Banchi, he demanded his money rather roughly, as his wont was.Benedetto was walking with his masters, and they, annoyed by the interruption, scolded him sharply, saying they would be served by somebody else, in order not to have to listen to such barking.Ser Benedetto did the best he could to excuse himself, swore that he had paid the goldsmith, and said he had no power to curb the rage of madmen.The Sienese took his words ill, and dismissed him on the spot.Leaving them, he ran like an arrow to my shop, probably to take revenge upon Felice.It chanced that just in the middle of the street we met.I, who had heard nothing of the matter, greeted him most kindly, according to my custom, to which courtesy he replied with insults.Then what the sorcerer had said flashed all at once upon my mind; and bridling myself as well as I was able, in the way he bade me, I answered: “Good brother Benedetto, don’t fly into a rage with me, for I have done you no harm, nor do I know anything about these affairs of yours.Please go and finish what you have to do with Felice.He is quite capable of giving you a proper answer; but inasmuch as I know nothing about it, you are wrong to abuse me in this way, especially as you are well aware that I am not the man to put up with insults.”He retorted that I knew everything, and that he was the man to make me bear a heavier load than that, and that Felice and I were two great rascals.By this time a crowd had gathered round to hear the quarrel.Provoked by his ugly words, I stooped and took up a lump of mud-for it had rained-and hurled it with a quick and unpremeditated movement at his face.He ducked his head, so that the mud hit him in the middle of the skull.There was a stone in it with several sharp angles, one of which striking him, he fell stunned like a dead man: whereupon all the bystanders, seeing the great quantity of blood, judged that he was really dead.

Note 1.The MS. has Figi; but this is probably a mistake of the amanuensis.

LXVII

WHILE he was still lying on the ground, and people were preparing to carry him away, Pompeo the jeweller passed by.The Pope had sent for him to give orders about some jewels.Seeing the fellow in such a miserable plight, he asked who had struck him; on which they told him: “Benvenuto did it, but the stupid creature brought it down upon himself.”No sooner had Pompeo reached the Pope than he began to speak: “Most blessed Father, Benvenuto has this very moment murdered Tobbia; I saw it with my own eyes.”On this the Pope in a fury ordered the Governor, who was in the presence, to take and hang me at once in the place where the homicide had been committed, adding that he must do all he could to catch me, and not appear again before him until he had hanged me.

When I saw the unfortunate Benedetto stretched upon the ground, I thought at once of the peril I was in, considering the power of my enemies, and what might ensue from this disaster.Making off, I took refuge in the house of Messer Giovanni Gaddi, clerk of the Camera, with the intention of preparing as soon as possible to escape from Rome.He, however, advised me not to be in such a hurry, for it might turn out perhaps that the evil was not so great as I imagined; and calling Messer Annibal Caro, who lived with him, bade him go for information.

While these arrangements were being made, A Roman gentleman appeared, who belonged to the household of Cardinal de’ Medici, and had been sent by him.[1] Taking Messer Giovanni and me apart, he told us that the Cardinal had reported to him what the Pope said, and that there was no way of helping me out of the scrape; it would be best for me to shun the first fury of the storm by flight, and not to risk myself in any house in Rome.Upon this gentleman’s departure, Messer Giovanni looked me in the face as though he were about to cry, and said: “Ah me!Ah woe is me!There is nothing I can do to aid you!”I replied: “By God’s means, I shall aid myself alone; only I request you to put one of your horses at my disposition.”They had already saddled a black Turkish horse, the finest and the best in Rome.I mounted with an arquebuse upon the saddle-bow, wound up in readiness to fire, if need were.[2] When I reached Ponte Sisto, I found the whole of the Bargello’s guard there, both horse and foot.So, making a virtue of necessity, I put my horse boldly to a sharp trot, and with God’s grace, being somehow unperceived by them, passed freely through.Then, with all the speed I could, I took the road to Palombara, a fief of my lord Giovanbatista Savello, whence I sent the horse back to Messer Giovanni, without, however, thinking it well to inform him where I was.[3] Lord Giovanbatista, after very kindly entertaining me two days, advised me to remove and go toward Naples till the storm blew over.So, providing me with company, he set me on the way to Naples.

While travelling, I met a sculptor of my acquaintance, who was going to San Germano to finish the tomb of Piero de’ Medici at Monte Cassino.[4] His name was Solosmeo, and he gave me the news that on the very evening of the fray, Pope Clement sent one of his chamberlains to inquire how Tobbia was getting on.Finding him at work, unharmed, and without even knowing anything about the matter, the messenger went back and told the Pope, who turned round to Pompeo and said: “You are a good-for-nothing rascal; but I promise you well that you have stirred a snake up which will sting you, and serve you right!”Then he addressed himself to Cardinal de’ Medici, and commissioned him to look after me, adding that he should be very sorry to let me slip through his fingers.And so Solosmeo and I went on our way singing toward Monte Cassino, intending to pursue our journey thence in company toward Naples.

Note 1.Ippolito de’ Medici was a Cardinal, much against his natural inclination.When he went as Papal Legate to Hungary in 1532, he assumed the airs and style of a Condottiere.His jealousy of his cousin Alessandro led to his untimely death by poison in 1535.

Note 2.The gun was an 'arquebuso a ruola,' which had a wheel to cock it.

Note 3.A village in the Sabina, north of Tivoli.Giov.Battista Savelli, of a great Roman house, was a captain of cavalry in the Papal service after 1530.In 1540 he entered the service of Duke Cosimo, and died in 1553.

Note 4.This sculptor was Antonio Solosmeo of Settignano.The monument erected to Piero de’ Medici (drowned in the Garigliano, 1504) at Monte Cassino is by no means a brilliant piece of Florentine art.Piero was the exiled son of Lorenzo the Magnificent; and the Medici, when they regained their principality, erected this monument to his memory, employing Antonio da San Gallo, Francesco da San Gallo and a Neapolitan, Matteo de’ Quaranta.The work was begun in 1532.Solosmeo appears from this passage in Cellini to have taken the execution of it over.

LXVIII

WHEN Solosmeo had inspected his affairs at Monte Cassino, we resumed our journey; and having come within a mile of Naples, we were met by an innkeeper, who invited us to his house, and said he had been at Florence many years with Carlo Ginori; [1] adding, that if we put up at his inn, he would treat us most kindly, for the reason that we both were Florentines.We told him frequently that we did not want to go to him.However, he kept passing, sometimes in front and sometimes behind, perpetually repeating that he would have us stop at his hostelry.When this began to bore me, I asked if he could tell me anything about a certain Sicilian woman called Beatrice, who had a beautiful daughter named Angelica, and both were courtesans.Taking it into his head that I was jeering him, he cried out: “God send mischief to all courtesans and such as favour them!”Then he set spurs to his horse, and made off as though he was resolved to leave us.I felt some pleasure at having rid myself in so fair a manner of that ass of an innkeeper; and yet I was rather the loser than the gainer; for the great love I bore Angelica had come back to my mind, and while I was conversing, not without some lover’s sighs, upon this subject with Solosmeo, we saw the man returning to us at a gallop.When he drew up, he said: “Two or perhaps three days ago a woman and a girl came back to a house in my neighbourhood; they had the names you mentioned, but whether they are Sicilians I cannot say.”I answered: “Such power over me has that name of Angelica, that I am now determined to put up at your inn.”

We rode on all together with mine host into the town of Naples, and descended at his house.Minutes seemed years to me till I had put my things in order, which I did in the twinkling of an eye; then I went to the house, which was not far from our inn, and found there my Angelica, who greeted me with infinite demonstrations of the most unbounded passion.I stayed with her from evenfall until the following morning, and enjoyed such pleasure as I never had before or since; but while drinking deep of this delight, it occurred to my mind how exactly on that day the month expired, which had been prophesied within the necromantic circle by the devils.So then let every man who enters into relation with those spirits weigh well the inestimable perils I have passed through!

Note 1.A Gonfalonier of the Republic in 1527.

LXIX

I HAPPENED to have in my purse a diamond, which I showed about among the goldsmiths; and though I was but young, my reputation as an able artist was so well known even at Naples that they welcomed me most warmly.Among others, I made acquaintance with a most excellent companion, a jeweller, Messer Domenico Fontana by name.This worthy man left his shop for the three days that I spent in Naples, nor even quitted my company, but showed me many admirable monuments of antiquity in the city and its neigbourhood.Moreover, he took me to pay my respects to the Viceroy of Naples, who had let him know that he should like to see me.When I presented myself to his Excellency, he received me with much honour; [1] and while we were exchanging compliments, the diamond which I have mentioned caught his eye.He made me show it him, and prayed me, if I parted with it, to give him the refusal.Having taken back the stone, I offered it again to his Excellency, adding that the diamond and I were at his service.Then he said that the diamond pleased him well, but that he should be much better pleased if I were to stay with him; he would make such terms with me as would cause me to feel satisfied.We spoke many words of courtesy on both sides; and then coming to the merits of the diamond, his Excellency bade me without hesitation name the price at which I valued it.Accordingly I said that it was worth exactly two hundred crowns.He rejoined that in his opinion I had not overvalued it; but that since I had set it, and he knew me for the first artist in the world, it would not make the same effect when mounted by another hand.To this I said that I had not set the stone, and that it was not well set; its brilliancy was due to its own excellence; and that if I were to mount it afresh, I could make it show far better than it did.Then I put my thumb-nail to the angels of its facets, took it from the ring, cleaned it up a little, and handed it to the Viceroy.Delighted and astonished, he wrote me out a cheque [2] for the two hundred crowns I had demanded.

When I returned to my lodging, I found letters from the Cardinal de’ Medici, in which he told me to come back post-haste to Rome, and to dismount without delay at the palace of his most reverend lordship.I read the letter to my Angelica, who begged me with tears of affection either to remain in Naples or to take her with me.I replied that if she was disposed to come with me, I would give up to her keeping the two hundred ducats I had received from the Viceroy.Her mother perceiving us in this close conversation, drew nigh and said: “Benvenuto, if you want to take my daughter to Rome, leave me a sum of fifteen ducats, to pay for my lying-in, and then I will travel after you.”I told the old harridan that I would very gladly leave her thirty if she would give me my Angelica.We made the bargain, and Angelica entreated me to by her a gown of black velvet, because the stuff was cheap at Naples.I consented to everything, sent for the velvet, settled its price and paid for it; then the old woman, who thought me over head and ears in love, begged for a gown of fine cloth for herself, as well as other outlays for her sons, and a good bit more money than I had offered.I turned to her with a pleasant air and said: “My dear Beatrice, are you satisfied with what I offered?”She answered that she was not; thereupon I said that what was not enough for her would be quite enough for me; and having kissed Angelica, we parted, she with tears, and I with laughter, and off at once I set for Rome.

Note 1.The Spanish Viceroy was at this time Pietro Alvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca, and uncle of the famous Duke of Alva.He governed Naples for twenty years, from 1532 onwards.

Note 2.'Mi fece una polizza.'A 'polizza' was an order for money, practically identical with our 'cheque.'

LXX

I LEFT Naples by night with my money in my pocket, and this I did to prevent being set upon or murdered, as is the way there; but when I came to Selciata, [1] I had to defend myself with great address and bodily prowess from several horsemen who came out to assassinate me.During the following days, after leaving Solosmeo at his work in Monte Cassino, I came one morning to breakfast at the inn of Adanagni; [2] and when I was near the house, I shot some birds with my arquebuse.An iron spike, which was in the lock of my musket, tore my right hand.Though the wound was not of any consequence, it seemed to be so, because it bled abundantly.Going into the inn, I put my horse up, and ascended to a large gallery, where I found a party of Neapolitan gentlemen just upon the point of sitting down to table; they had with them a young woman of quality, the loveliest I ever saw.At the moment when I entered the room, I was followed by a very brave young serving-man of mine holding a big partisan in his hand.The sight of us, our arms, and the blood, inspired those poor gentlemen with such terror, particularly as the place was known to be a nest of murderers, that they rose from table and called on God in a panic to protect them.I began to laugh, and said that God had protected them already, for that I was a man to defend them against whoever tried to do them harm.Then I asked them for something to bind up my wounded hand; and the charming lady took out a handkerchief richly embroidered with gold, wishing to make a bandage with it.I refused; but she tore the piece in half, and in the gentlest manner wrapt my hand up with her fingers.The company thus having regained confidence, we dined together very gaily; and when the meal was over, we all mounted and went off together.The gentlemen, however, were not as yet quite at their ease; so they left me in their cunning to entertain the lady, while they kept at a short distance behind.I rode at her side upon a pretty little horse of mine, making signs to my servant that he should keep somewhat apart, which gave us the opportunity of discussing things that are not sold by the apothecary.[3] In this way I journeyed to Rome with the greatest enjoyment I have ever had.

When I got to Rome, I dismounted at the palace of Cardinal de’ Medici, and having obtained an audience of his most reverend lordship, paid my respects, and thanked him warmly for my recall.I then entreated him to secure me from imprisonment, and even from a fine if that were possible.The Cardinal was very glad to see me; told me to stand in no fear; then turned to one of his gentlemen, called Messer Pier Antonio Pecci of Siena, ordering him to tell the Bargello not to touch me.[4] He then asked him how the man was going on whose head I had broken with the stone.Messer Pier Antonio replied that he was very ill, and that he would probably be even worse; for when he heard that I was coming back to Rome, he swore he would die to serve me an ill turn.When the Cardinal heard that, he burst into a fit of laughter, and cried: “The fellow could not have taken a better way than this to make us know that he was born a Sienese.”After that he turned to me and said: “For our reputation and your own, refrain these four or five days from going about in the Banchi; after that go where you like, and let fools die at their own pleasure.”

I went home and set myself to finishing the medal which I had begun, with the head of Pope Clement and a figure of Peace on the reverse.The figure was a slender woman, dressed in very thin drapery, gathered at the waist, with a little torch in her hand, which was burning a heap of arms bound together like a trophy.In the background I had shown part of a temple, where was Discord chained with a load of fetters.Round about it ran a legend in these words: 'Clauduntur belli portæ.'[5]

During the time that I was finishing this medal, the man whom I had wounded recovered, and the Pope kept incessantly asking for me.I, however, avoided visiting Cardinal de’ Medici; for whenever I showed my face before him, his lordship gave me some commission of importance, which hindered me from working at my medal to the end.Consequently Messer Pier Carnesecchi, who was a great favourite of the Pope’s, undertook to keep me in sight, and let me adroitly understand how much the Pope desired my services.[6] I told him that in a few days I would prove to his Holiness that his service had never been neglected by me.

Note 1.Ponte a Selice, between Capua and Aversa.

Note 2.Anagni, where Boniface VIII.was outraged to the death by the
French partisans of Philip le Bel.

Note 3.'I.e.,' private and sentimental.

Note 4.This Pecci passed into the service of Caterina de’ Medici.In 1551 he schemed to withdraw Siena from the Spanish to the French cause, and was declared a rebel.

Note 5.The medal was struck to celebrate the peace in Christendom between 1530 and 1536.

Note 6.Pietro Carnesecchi was one of the martyrs of free-thought in
Italy. He adopted Protestant opinions, and was beheaded and burned in
Rome, August 1567.

LXXI

NOT many days had passed before, my medal being finished, I stamped it in gold, silver, and copper.After I had shown it to Messer Pietro, he immediately introduced me to the Pope.It was on a day in April after dinner, and the weather very fine; the Pope was in the Belvedere.After entering the presence, I put my medals together with the dies of steel into his hand.He took them, and recognising at once their mastery of art, looked Messer Pietro in the face and said: “The ancients never had such medals made for them as these.”

While he and the others were inspecting them, taking up now the dies and now the medals in their hands, I began to speak as submissively as I was able: “If a greater power had not controlled the working of my inauspicious stars, and hindered that with which they violently menaced me, your Holiness, without your fault or mine, would have lost a faithful and loving servant.It must, most blessed Father, be allowed that in those cases where men are risking all upon one throw, it is not wrong to do as certain poor and simple men are wont to say, who tell us we must mark seven times and cut once.[1] Your Holiness will remember how the malicious and lying tongue of my bitter enemy so easily aroused your anger, that you ordered the Governor to have me taken on the spot and hanged; but I have no doubt that when you had become aware of the irreparable act by which you would have wronged yourself, in cutting off from you a servant such as even now your Holiness hath said he is, I am sure, I repeat, that, before God and the world, you would have felt no trifling twinges of remorse.Excellent and virtuous fathers, and masters of like quality, ought not to let their arm in wrath descend upon their sons and servants with such inconsiderate haste, seeing that subsequent repentance will avail them nothing.But now that God has overruled the malign influences of the stars and saved me for your Holiness, I humbly beg you another time not to let yourself so easily be stirred to rage against me.”

The Pope had stopped from looking at the medals and was now listening attentively to what I said.There were many noblemen of the greatest consequence present, which made him blush a little, as it were for shame; and not knowing how else to extricate himself from this entanglement, he said that he could not remember having given such an order.I changed the conversation in order to cover his embarrassment.His Holiness then began to speak again about the medals, and asked what method I had used to stamp them so marvelously, large as they were; for he had never met with ancient pieces of that size.We talked a little on this subject; but being not quite easy that I might not begin another lecture sharper than the last, he praised my medals, and said they gave him the greatest satisfaction, but that he should like another reverse made according to a fancy of his own, if it were possible to stamp them with two different patterns.I said that it was possible to do so.Then his Holiness commissioned me to design the history of Moses when he strikes the rock and water issues from it, with this motto: 'Ut bibat populus.'[2] At last he added: “Go Benvenuto; you will not have finished it before I have provided for your fortune.”After I had taken leave, the Pope proclaimed before the whole company that he would give me enough to live on wealthily without the need of labouring for any one but him.So I devoted myself entirely to working out this reverse with the Moses on it.

Note 1.'Segnar sette e tagliar uno.'A proverb derived possibly from felling trees; or, as some commentators interpret, from the points made by sculptors on their marble before they block the statue out.

Note 2.The medal commemorated a deep well sunk by Clement at Orvieto.

LXXII

IN the meantime the Pope was taken ill, and his physicians thought the case was dangerous.Accordingly my enemy began to be afraid of me, and engaged some Neapolitan soldiers to do to me what he was dreading I might do to him.[1] I had therefore much trouble to defend my poor life.In course of time, however, I completed the reverse; and when I took it to the Pope, I found him in bed in a most deplorable condition.Nevertheless, he received me with the greatest kindness, and wished to inspect the medals and the dies.He sent for spectacles and lights, but was unable to see anything clearly.Then he began to fumble with his fingers at them, and having felt them a short while, he fetched a deep sigh, and said to his attendants that he was much concerned about me, but that if God gave him back his health he would make it all right.

Three days afterwards the Pope died, and I was left with all my labour lost; yet I plucked up courage, and told myself that these medals had won me so much celebrity, that any Pope who was elected would give me work to do, and peradventure bring me better fortune.Thus I encouraged and put heart into myself, and buried in oblivion all the injuries which Pompeo had done me.Then putting on my arms and girding my sword, I went to San Piero, and kissed the feet of the dead Pope, not without shedding tears.Afterwards I returned to the Banchi to look on at the great commotion which always happens on such occasions.

While I was sitting in the street with several of my friends, Pompeo went by, attended by ten men very well armed; and when he came just opposite, he stopped, as though about to pick a quarrel with myself.My companions, brave and adventurous young men, made signs to me to draw my sword; but it flashed through my mind that if I drew, some terrible mischief might result for persons who were wholly innocent.Therefore I considered that it would be better if I put my life to risk alone.When Pompeo had stood there time enough to say two Ave Marias, he laughed derisively in my direction; and going off, his fellows also laughed and wagged their heads, with many other insolent gestures.My companions wanted to begin the fray at once; but I told them hotly that I was quite able to conduct my quarrels to an end by myself, and that I had no need of stouter fighters than I was; so that each of them might mind his business.My friends were angry and went off muttering.Now there was among them my dearest comrade, named Albertaccio del Bene, own brother to Alessandro and Albizzo, who is now a very rich man in Lyons.He was the most redoubtable young man I ever knew, and the most high-spirited, and loved me like himself; and insomuch as he was well aware that my forbearance had not been inspired by want of courage, but by the most daring bravery, for he knew me down to the bottom of my nature, he took my words up and begged me to favour him so far as to associate him with myself in all I meant to do.I replied: “Dear Albertaccio, dearest to me above all men that live, the time will very likely come when you shall give me aid; but in this case, if you love me, do not attend to me, but look to your own business, and go at once like our other friends, for now there is no time to lose.”These words were spoken in one breath.

Note 1.The meaning of this is, that if Clement died, Cellini would have had his opportunity of vengeance during the anarchy which followed a vacancy of the Papal See.

LXXIII

IN the meanwhile my enemies had proceeded slowly toward Chiavica, as the place was called, and had arrived at the crossing of several roads, going in different directions; but the street in which Pompeo’s house stood was the one which leads straight to the Campo di Fiore.Some business or other made him enter the apothecary’s shop which stood at the corner of Chiavica, and there he stayed a while transacting it.I had just been told that he had boasted of the insult which he fancied he had put upon me; but be that as it may, it was to his misfortune; for precisely when I came up to the corner, he was leaving the shop and his bravi had opened their ranks and received him in their midst.I drew a little dagger with a sharpened edge, and breaking the line of his defenders, laid my hands upon his breast so quickly and coolly, that none of them were able to prevent me.Then I aimed to strike him in the face; but fright made him turn his head round; and I stabbed him just beneath the ear.I only gave two blows, for he fell stone dead at the second.I had not meant to kill him; but as the saying goes, knocks are not dealt by measure.With my left hand I plucked back the dagger, and with my right hand drew my sword to defend my life.However, all those bravi ran up to the corpse and took no action against me; so I went back alone through Strada Giulia, considering how best to put myself in safety.

I had walked about three hundred paces, when Piloto the goldsmith, my very good friend, came up and said: “Brother, now that the mischief’s done, we must see to saving you.”I replied: “Let us go to Albertaccio del Bene’s house; it is only a few minutes since I told him I should soon have need of him.”When we arrived there, Albertaccio and I embraced with measureless affection; and soon the whole flower of the young men of the Banchi, of all nations except the Milanese, came crowding in; and each and all made proffer of their own life to save mine.Messer Luigi Rucellai also sent with marvellous promptitude and courtesy to put his services at my disposal, as did many other great folk of his station; for they all agreed in blessing my hands, [1] judging that Pompeo had done me too great and unforgivable an injury, and marvelling that I had put up with him so long.

Note 1.'Tutti d’accordo mi benedissono le mani.'This is tantamount to approving Cellini’s handiwork in murdering Pompeo.

LXXIV

CARDINAL CORNARO, on hearing of the affair, despatched thirty soldiers, with as many partisans, pikes, and arquebuses, to bring me with all due respect to his quarters.[1] This he did unasked; whereupon I accepted the invitation, and went off with them, while more than as many of the young men bore me company.Meanwhile, Messer Traiano, Pompeo’s relative and first chamberlain to the Pope, sent a Milanese of high rank to Cardinal de’ Medici, giving him news of the great crime I had committed, and calling on his most reverend lordship to chastise me.The Cardinal retorted on the spot: “His crime would indeed have been great if he had not committed this lesser one; thank Messer Traiano from me for giving me this information of a fact of which I had not heard before.”Then he turned and in presence of the nobleman said to the Bishop of Frulli, [2] his gentleman and intimate acquaintance: “Search diligently after my friend Benvenuto; I want to help and defend him; and whoso acts against thyself acts against myself.”The Milanese nobleman went back, much disconcerted, while the Bishop of Frulli come to visit me at Cardinal Cornaro’s palace.Presenting himself to the Cardinal, he related how Cardinal de’ Medici had sent for Benvenuto, and wanted to be his protector.Now Cardinal Cornaro who had the touchy temper of a bear, flew into a rage, and told the Bishop he was quite as well able to defend me as Cardinal de’ Medici.The Bishop, in reply, entreated to be allowed to speak with me on some matters of his patron which had nothing to do with the affair.Cornaro bade him for that day make as though he had already talked with me.

Cardinal de’ Medici was very angry.However, I went the following night, without Cornaro’s knowledge, and under good escort, to pay him my respects.Then I begged him to grant me the favour of leaving me where I was, and told him of the great courtesy which Cornaro had shown me; adding that if his most reverend lordship suffered me to stay, I should gain one friend the more in my hour of need; otherwise his lordship might dispose of me exactly as he thought best.He told me to do as I liked; so I returned to Cornaro’s palace, and a few days afterwards the Cardinal Farnese was elected Pope.3

After he had put affairs of greater consequence in order, the new Pope sent for me, saying that he did not wish any one else to strike his coins.To these words of his Holiness a gentleman very privately acquainted with him, named Messer Latino Juvinale, made answer that I was in hiding for a murder committed on the person of one Pompeo of Milan, and set forth what could be argued for my justification in the most favourable terms. [4] The Pope replied: “I knew nothing of Pompeo’s death, but plenty of Benvenuto’s provocation; so let a safe-conduct be at once made out for him, in order that he may be placed in perfect security.”A great friend of Pompeo’s, who was also intimate with the Pope, happened to be there; he was a Milanese, called Messer Ambrogio.[5] This man said: “In the first days of your papacy it were not well to grant-pardons of this kind.”The Pope turned to him and answered: “You know less about such matters than I do.Know then that men like Benvenuto, unique in their profession, stand above the law; and how far more he, then, who received the provocation I have heard of?”When my safe conduct had been drawn out, I began at once to serve him, and was treated with the utmost favour.

Note 1.This was Francesco, brother to Cardinal Marco Cornaro.He received the hat in 1528, while yet a layman, and the Bishopric of Brescia in 1531.

Note 2.This was Francesco, brother to Cardinal Marco Cornaro.He received the hat in 1528, while yet a layman, and the Bishopric of Brescia in 1531.

Note 3.Paul III., elected October 13, 1534.

Note 4.Latino Giovenale de’ Manetti was a Latin poet and a man of humane learning, much esteemed by his contemporaries.

Note 5.Ambrogio Recalcati.He was for many years the trusted secretary and diplomatic agent of Paul III.

LXXV

MESSER LATINO JUVINALE came to call on me, and gave me orders to strike the coins of the Pope.This roused up all my enemies, who began to look about how they should hinder me; but the Pope, perceiving their drift, scolded them, and insisted that I should go on working.I took the dies in hand, designing a S.Paul, surrounded with this inscription: 'Vas electionis.'This piece of money gave far more satisfaction than the models of my competitors; so that the Pope forbade any one else to speak to him of coins, since he wished me only to have to do with them.This encouraged me to apply myself with untroubled spirit to the task; and Messer Latino Juvinale, who had received such orders from the Pope, used to introduce me to his Holiness.I had it much at heart to recover the post of stamper to the Mint; but on this point the Pope took advice, and then told me I must first obtain pardon for the homicide, and this I should get at the holy Maries’ day in August through the Caporioni of Rome.[1] I may say that it is usual every year on this solemn festival to grant the freedom of twelve outlaws to these officers.Meanwhile he promised to give me another safe-conduct, which should keep me in security until that time.

When my enemies perceived that they were quite unable to devise the means of keeping me out of the Mint, they resorted to another expedient.The deceased Pompeo had left three thousand ducats as dowry to an illegitimate daughter of his; and they contrived that a certain favourite of Signor Pier Luigi, the Pope’s son, should ask her hand in marriage through the medium of his master.[2] Accordingly the match came off; but this fellow was an insignificant country lad, who had been brought up by his lordship; and, as folk said, he got but little of the money, since his lordship laid his hands on it and had the mind to use it.Now the husband of the girl, to please his wife, begged the prince to have me taken up; and he promised to do so when the first flush of my favour with the Pope had passed away.Things stood so about two months, the servant always suing for his wife’s dower, the master putting him off with pretexts, but assuring the woman that he would certainly revenge her father’s murder.I obtained an inkling of these designs; yet I did not omit to present myself pretty frequently to his lordship, who made show of treating me with great distinction.He had, however, decided to do one or other of two things-either to have me assassinated, or to have me taken up by the Bargello.Accordingly he commissioned a certain little devil of a Corsican soldier in his service to do the trick as cleverly as he could; [3] and my other enemies, with Messer Traiano at the head of them, promised the fellow a reward of one hundred crowns.He assured them that the job would be as easy as sucking a fresh egg.Seeing into their plot, I went about with my eyes open and with good attendance, wearing an under-coat and armlets of mail, for which I had obtained permission.

The Corsican, influenced by avarice, hoped to gain the whole sum of money without risk, and imagined himself capable of carrying the matter through alone.Consequently, one day after dinner, he had me sent for in the name of Signor Pier Luigi.I went off at once, because his lordship had spoken of wanting to order several big silver vases.Leaving my home in a hurry, armed, however, as usual, I walked rapidly through Strada Giulia toward the Palazzo Farnese, not expecting to meet anybody at that hour of day.I had reached the end of the street and was making toward the palace, when, my habit being always to turn the corners wide, I observed the Corsican get up and take his station in the middle of the road.Being prepared, I was not in the least disconcerted; but kept upon my guard, and slackening pace a little, drew nearer toward the wall, in order to give the fellow a wide berth.He on his side came closer to the wall, and when we were now within a short distance of each other, I perceived by his gestures that he had it in his mind to do me mischief, and seeing me alone thus, thought he should succeed.Accordingly, I began to speak and said: “Brave soldier, if it had been night, you might have said you had mistaken me, but since it is full day, you know well enough who I am.I never had anything to do with you, and never injured you, but should be well disposed to do you service.”He replied in a high-spirited way, without, however, making room for me to pass, that he did not know what I was saying.Then I answered.“I know very well indeed what you want and what you are saying; but the job which you have taken in hand is more dangerous and difficult than you imagine, and may peradventure turn out the wrong way for you.Remember that you have to do with a man who would defend himself against a hundred; and the adventure you are on is not esteemed by men of courage like yourself.”Meanwhile I also was looking black as thunder, and each of us had changed colour.Folk too gathered round us, for it had become clear that our words meant swords and daggers.He then, not having the spirit to lay hands on me, cried out: “We shall meet another time.”I answered: “I am always glad to meet honest men and those who show themselves as such.”

When we parted, I went to his lordship’s palace, and found he had not sent for me.When I returned to my shop, the Corsican informed me, through an intimate friend of his and mine, that I need not be on my guard against him, since he wished to be my good brother; but that I ought to be much upon my guard against others, seeing I was in the greatest peril, for folk of much consequence had sworn to have my life.I sent to thank him, and kept the best look-out I could.Not many days after, a friend of mine informed me that Signor Pier Luigi had given strict orders that I should be taken that very evening.They told me this at twenty; whereupon I spoke with some of my friends, who advised me to be off at once.The order had been given for one hour after sunset; accordingly at twenty-three I left in the post for Florence.It seems that when the Corsican showed that he had not pluck enough to do the business as he promised, Signor Pier Luigi on his own authority gave orders to have me taken, merely to stop the mouth of Pompeo’s daughter, who was always clamouring to know where her dower had gone to.When he was unable to gratify her in this matter of revenge on either of the two plans he had formed, he bethought him of another, which shall be related in its proper place.

Note 1.'Le sante Marie.'So the Feast of the Assumption is called at Florence, because devotion is paid on that day to the various images of the Virgin scattered through the town.The 'Caporioni' of Rome were, like aldermen, wardens of the districts into which the city was divided.

Note 2.Pier Luigi Farnese, Paul III’s bastard, was successively created Gonfaloniere of the Church, Duke of Castro, Marquis of Novara, and finally Duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1545.He was murdered at Parma by his own courtiers in 1547.He was a man of infamous habits, quite unfit for the high dignities conferred on him.

Note 3.'Che la facessi più netta che poteva.'

LXXVI

I REACHED Florence in due course, and paid my respects to the Duke Alessandro, who greeted me with extraordinary kindness and pressed me to remain in his service.There was then at Florence a sculptor called Il Tribolino, and we were gossips, for I had stood godfather to his son.[1] In course of conversation he told me that a certain Giacopo del Sansovino, his first master, had sent for him; and whereas he had never seen Venice, and because of the gains he expected, he was very glad to go there.[2] On his asking me if I had ever been at Venice, I said no; this made him invite me to accompany him, and I agreed.So then I told Duke Alessandro that I wanted first to go to Venice, and that afterwards I would return to serve him.He exacted a formal promise to this effect, and bade me present myself before I left the city.Next day, having made my preparations, I went to take leave of the Duke, whom I found in the palace of the Pazzi, at that time inhabited by the wife and daughters of Signor Lorenzo Cibo.[3] Having sent word to his Excellency that I wished to set off for Venice with his good leave, Signor Cosimino de’ Medici, now Duke of Florence, returned with the answer that I must go to Niccolò de Monte Aguto, who would give me fifty golden crowns, which his Excellency bestowed on me in sign of his good-will, and afterwards I must return to serve him.

I got the money from Niccolò, and then went to fetch Tribolo, whom I found ready to start; and he asked me whether I had bound my sword.I answered that a man on horseback about to take a journey ought not to bind his sword.He said that the custom was so in Florence, since a certain Ser Maurizio then held office, who was capable of putting S.John the Baptist to the rack for any trifling peccadillo.[4] Accordingly one had to carry one’s sword bound till the gates were passed.I laughed at this, and so we set off, joining the courier to Venice, who was nicknamed Il Lamentone.In his company we travelled through Bologna, and arrived one evening at Ferrara.There we halted at the inn of the Piazza, which Lamentone went in search of some Florentine exiles, to take them letters and messages from their wives.The Duke had given orders that only the courier might talk to them, and no one else, under penalty of incurring the same banishment as they had.Meanwhile, since it was a little past the hour of twenty-two, Tribolo and I went to see the Duke of Ferrara come back from Belfiore, where he had been at a jousting match.There we met a number of exiles, who stared at us as though they wished to make us speak with them.Tribolo, who was the most timorous man that I have ever known, kept on saying: “Do not look at them or talk to them, if you care to go back to Florence.”So we stayed, and saw the Duke return; afterwards, when we regained our inn, we found Lamentone there.After nightfall there appeared Niccolò Benintendi, and his brother Piero, and another old man, whom I believe to have been Jacopo Nardi, [5] together with some young fellows, who began immediately to ask the courier news, each man of his own family in Florence.[6] Tribolo and I kept at a distance, in order to avoid speaking with them.After they had talked a while with Lamentone, Niccolò Benintendi [7] said: “I know those two men there very well; what’s the reason they give themselves such beastly airs, and will not talk to us?”Tribolo kept begging me to hold my tongue, while Lamentone told them that we had not the same permission as he had.Benintendi retorted it was idiotic nonsense, adding “Pox take them,” and other pretty flowers of speech.Then I raised my head as gently as I could, and said: “Dear gentlemen, you are able to do us serious injury, while we cannot render you any assistance; and though you have flung words at us which we are far from deserving, we do not mean on that account to get into a rage with you.”Thereupon old Nardi said that I had spoken like a worthy young man as I was.But Niccolò Benintendi shouted: “I snap my fingers at them and the Duke.”[8] I replied that he was in the wrong toward us, since we had nothing to do with him or his affairs.Old Nardi took our part, telling Benintendi plainly that he was in the wrong, which made him go on muttering insults.On this I bade him know that I could say and do things to him which he would not like, and therefore he had better mind his business, and let us alone.Once more he cried out that he snapped his fingers at the Duke and us, and that we were all of us a heap of donkeys.[9] I replied by giving him the lie direct and drawing my sword.The old man wanting to be first upon the staircase, tumbled down some steps, and all the rest of them came huddling after him.I rushed onward, brandishing my sword along the walls with fury, and shouting: “I will kill you all!”but I took good care not to do them any harm, as I might too easily have done.In the midst of this tumult the innkeeper screamed out; Lamentone cried, “For God’s sake, hold!”some of them exclaimed, “Oh me, my head!”others, “Let me get out from here.”In short, it was an indescribable confusion; they looked like a herd of swine.Then the host came with a light, while I withdrew upstairs and put my sword back in its scabbard.Lamentone told Niccolò Benintendi that he had behaved very ill.The host said to him: “It is as much as one’s life is worth to draw swords here; and if the Duke were to know of your brawling, he would have you hanged.I will not do to you what you deserve; but take care you never show yourself again in my inn, or it will be the worse for you.”Our host then came up to me, and when I began to make him my excuses, he would not suffer me to say a word, but told me that he knew I was entirely in the right, and bade me be upon my guard against those men upon my journey.

Note 1.Niccolò de’ Pericoli, a Florentine, who got the nickname of Tribolo in his boyhood, was a sculptor of some distinction.He worked on the bas-reliefs of San Petronio at Bologna, and helped Michel Agnolo da Siena to execute the tomb of Adrian VI.at Rome.Afterwards he was employed upon the sculpture of the Santa Casa at Loreto.He also made some excellent bronzework for the Medicean villas at Cestello and Petraja.All through his life Tribolo served the Medici, and during the siege of Florence in 1530 he constructed a cork model of the town for Clement VII.Born 1485, died 1550.

Note 2.This is the famous Giacopo Tatti, who took his artist’s surname from his master, Andrea da Monte a Sansovino.His works at Florence, Rome, and Venice are justly famous.He died in 1570, aged ninety-three.

Note 3.A brother of the Cardinal, and himself Marquis of Massa.

Note 4.Ser Maurizio was entitled Chancellor, but really superintended the criminal magistracy of Florence.Varchi and Segni both speak of him as harsh and cruel in the discharge of his office.

Note 5.Jacopo Nardi was the excellent historian of Florence, a strong anti-Medicean partisan, who was exiled in 1530.

Note 6.I have translated the word 'brigata' by 'family' above, because I find Cellini in one of his letters alluding to his family as 'la mia brigatina.'

Note 7.Niccolò Benintendi, who had been a member of the Eight in 1529, was exiled by the Medici in 1530.

Note 8.The Florentine slang is 'Io ho in culo loro e il duca.'

Note 9.'Un monte di asini.'

LXXVII

AFTER we had supped, a barge-man appeared, and offered to take us to Venice.I asked if he would let us have the boat to ourselves; he was willing, and so we made our bargain.In the morning we rose early, and mounted our horses for the port, which is a few miles distant from Ferrara.On arriving there, we found Niccolò Benintendi’s brother, with three comrades, waiting for me.They had among them two lances, and I had bought a stout pike in Ferrara.Being very well armed to boot, I was not at all frightened, as Tribolo was, who cried: “God help us!those fellows are waiting here to murder us.”Lamentone turned to me and said: “The best that you can do is to go back to Ferrara, for I see that the affair is likely to be ugly; for Heaven’s sake, Benvenuto, do not risk the fury of these mad beasts.”To which I replied: “Let us go forward, for God helps those who have the right on their side; and you shall see how I will help myself.Is not this boat engaged for us?”“Yes,” said Lamentone.“Then we will stay in it without them, unless my manhood has deserted me.”I put spurs to my horse, and when I was within fifty paces, dismounted and marched boldly forward with my pike.Tribolo stopped behind, all huddled up upon his horse, looking the very image of frost.Lamentone, the courier, meanwhile, was swelling and snorting like the wind.That was his usual habit; but now he did so more than he was wont, being in doubt how this devilish affair would terminate.When I reached the boat, the master presented himself and said that those Florentine gentlemen wanted to embark in it with us, if I was willing.I answered: “The boat is engaged for us and no one else, and it grieves me to the heart that I am not able to have their company.”At these words a brave young man of the Magalotti family spoke out: “Benvenuto, we will make you able to have it.”To which I answered: “If God and my good cause, together with my own strength of body and mind, possess the will and the power, you shall not make me able to have what you say.”So saying I leapt into the boat, and turning my pike’s point against them, added: “I’ll show you with this weapon that I am not able.”Wishing to prove he was in earnest, Magalotti then seized his own and came toward me.I sprang upon the gunwale and hit him such a blow, that, if he had not tumbled backward, I must have pierced his body.His comrades, in lieu of helping him, turned to fly; and when I saw that I could kill him, instead of striking, I said: “Get up, brother; take your arms and go away.I have shown you that I cannot do what I do not want, and what I had the power to do I have not chosen to do.”Then I called for Tribolo, the boatman, and Lamentone to embark; and so we got under way for Venice.When we had gone ten miles on the Po, we sighted those young men, who had got into a skiff and caught us up; and when they were alongside, that idiot Piero Benintendi sang out to me: “Go thy ways this time, Benvenuto; we shall meet in Venice.”“Set out betimes then,” I shouted, “for I am coming, and any man can meet me where he lists.”In due course we arrived at Venice, when I applied to a brother of Cardinal Cornaro, begging him to procure for me the favour of being allowed to carry arms. He advised me to do so without hesitation, saying that the worst risk I ran was that I might lose my sword.

LXXVIII

ACCORDINGLY I girded on my sword, and went to visit Jacopo del Sansovino, the sculptor, who had sent for Tribolo.He received me most kindly, and invited us to dinner, and we stayed with him.In course of conversation with Tribolo, he told him that he had no work to give him at the moment, but that he might call again.Hearing this, I burst out laughing, and said pleasantly to Sansovino: “Your house is too far off from his, if he must call again.”Poor Tribolo, all in dismay, exclaimed: “I have got your letter here, which you wrote to bid me come.”Sansovino rejoined that men of his sort, men of worth and genius, were free to do that and greater things besides.Tribolo shrugged up his shoulders and muttered: “Patience, patience,” several times.Thereupon, without regarding the copious dinner which Sansovino had given me, I took the part of my comrade Tribolo, for he was in the right.All the while at table Sansovino had never stopped chattering about his great achievements, abusing Michel Agnolo and the rest of his fellow-sculptors, while he bragged and vaunted himself to the skies.This had so annoyed me that not a single mouthful which I ate had tasted well; but I refrained from saying more than these two words: “Messer Jacopo, men of worth act like men of worth, and men of genius, who produce things beautiful and excellent, shine forth far better when other people praise them than when they boast so confidently of their own achievements.”Upon this he and I rose from table blowing off the steam of our choler.The same day, happening to pass near the Rialto, I met Piero Benintendi in the company of some men; and perceiving that they were going to pick a quarrel with me, I turned into an apothecary’s shop till the storm blew over.Afterwards I learned that the young Magalotti, to whom I showed that courtesy, had scolded them roundly; and thus the affair ended.

LXXIX

A FEW days afterwards we set out on our return to Florence.We lay one night at a place on this side Chioggia, on the left hand as you go toward Ferrara.Here the host insisted upon being paid before we went to bed, and in his own way; and when I observed that it was the custom everywhere else to pay in the morning, he answered: “I insist on being paid overnight, and in my own way.”I retorted that men who wanted everything their own way ought to make a world after their own fashion, since things were differently managed here.Our host told me not to go on bothering his brains, because he was determined to do as he had said.Tribolo stood trembling with fear, and nudged me to keep quiet, lest they should do something worse to us; so we paid them in the way they wanted, and afterwards we retired to rest.We had, I must admit, the most capital beds, new in every particular, and as clean as they could be.Nevertheless I did not get one wink of sleep, because I kept on thinking how I could revenge myself.At one time it came into my head to set fire to his house; at another to cut the throats of four fine horses which he had in the stable; I saw well enough that it was easy for me to do all this; but I could not see how it was easy to secure myself and my companion.At last I resolved to put my things and my comrade’s on board the boat; and so I did.When the towing-horses had been harnessed to the cable, I ordered the people not to stir before I returned, for I had left a pair of slippers in my bedroom.Accordingly I went back to the inn and called our host, who told me he had nothing to do with us, and that we might go to Jericho.[1] There was a ragged stable-boy about, half a sleep, who cried out to me: “The master would not move to please the Pope, because he has got a wench in bed with him, whom he has been wanting this long while.”Then he asked me for a tip, and I gave him a few Venetian coppers, and told him to make the barge-man wait till I had found my slippers and returned.I went upstairs, took out a little knife as sharp as a razor, and cut the four beds that I found there into ribbons.I had the satisfaction of knowing I had done a damage of more than fifty crowns.Then I ran down to the boat with some pieces of the bed-covers [2] in my pouch, and bade the bargee start at once without delay.We had not gone far before my gossip Tribolo said that he had left behind some little straps belonging to his carpet-bag, and that he must be allowed to go back for them.I answered that he need not take thought for a pair of little straps, since I could make him as many big ones as he liked.[3] He told me I was always joking, but that he must really go back for his straps.Then he began ordering the bargee to stop, while I kept ordering him to go on.Meanwhile I informed my friend what kind of trick I had played our host, and showed him specimens of the bed-covers and other things, which threw him into such a quaking fright that he roared out to the bargee: “On with you, on with you, as quick as you can!”and never thought himself quite safe until we reached the gates of Florence.

When we arrived there, Tribolo said: “Let us bind our swords up, for the love of God; and play me no more of your games, I beg; for all this while I’ve felt as though my guts were in the saucepan.”I made answer: “Gossip Tribolo, you need not tie your sword up, for you have never loosed it;” and this I said at random, because I never once had seen him act the man upon that journey.When he heard the remark, he looked at his sword and cried out: “In God’s name, you speak true!Here it is tied, just as I arranged it before I left my house.”My gossip deemed that I had been a bad travelling companion to him, because I resented affronts and defended myself against folk who would have done us injury.But I deemed that he had acted a far worse part with regard to me by never coming to my assistance at such pinches.Let him judge between us who stands by and has no personal interest in our adventures.

Note 1.'E che noi andassimo al bordello.'

Note 2.'Sarge.Sargia' is interpreted 'sopraccoperta del letto.'

Note 3.The Italian for straps, 'coregge,' has a double meaning, upon which Cellini plays.

LXXX

NO sooner had I dismounted that I went to visit Duke Alessandro, and thanked him greatly for his present of the fifty crowns, telling his Excellency that I was always ready to serve him according to my abilities.He gave me orders at once to strike dies for his coinage; and the first I made was a piece of forty soldi, with the Duke’s head on one side and San Cosimo and San Damiano on the other.[1] This was in silver, and it gave so much satisfaction that the Duke did not hesitate to say they were the best pieces of money in Christendom.The same said all Florence and every one who saw them.Consequently I asked his Excellency to make me appointments, [2] and to grant me the lodgings of the Mint.He bade me remain in his service, and promised he would give me more than I demanded.Meanwhile he said he had commissioned the Master of the Mint, a certain Carlo Acciaiuoli, and that I might go to him for all the money that I wanted.This I found to be true; but I drew my monies so discreetly, that I had always something to my credit, according to my account.

I then made dies for a giulio; [3] it had San Giovanni in profile, seated with a book in his hand, finer in my judgment than anything which I had done; and on the other side were the armorial bearings of Duke Alessandro.Next I made dies for half-giulios on which I struck the full face of San Giovanni in small.This was the first coin with a head in full face on so thin a piece of silver that had yet been seen.The difficulty of executing it is apparent only to the eyes of such as are past-masters in these crafts.Afterwards I made dies for the golden crowns; this crown had a cross upon one side with some little cherubim, and on the other side his Excellency’s arms.

When I had struck these four sorts, I begged the Duke to make out my appointments and to assign me the lodgings I have mentioned, if he was contented with my service.He told me very graciously that he was quite satisfied, and that he would grant me my request.While we were thus talking, his Excellency was in his wardrobe, looking at a remarkable little gun that had been sent him out of Germany.[4] When he noticed that I too paid particular attention to this pretty instrument, he put it in my hands, saying that he knew how much pleasure I took in such things, and adding that I might choose for earnest of his promises an arquebuse to my own liking from the armoury, excepting only this one piece; he was well aware that I should find things of greater beauty, and not less excellent, there.Upon this invitation, I accepted with thanks; and when he saw me looking round, he ordered his Master of the Wardrobe, a certain Pretino of Lucca, to let me take whatever I liked.[5] Then he went away with the most pleasant words at parting, while I remained, and chose the finest and best arquebuse I ever saw, or ever had, and took it back with me to home.

Two days afterward I brought some drawings which his Excellency had commissioned for gold-work he wanted to give his wife, who was at that time still in Naples.[6] I again asked him to settle my affairs.Then his Excellency told me that he should like me first to execute the die of his portrait in fine style, as I had done for Pope Clement.I began it in wax; and the Duke gave orders, while I was at work upon it, that whenever I went to take his portrait, I should be admitted.Perceiving that I had a lengthy piece of business on my hands, I sent for a certain Pietro Pagolo from Monte Ritondo, in the Roman district, who had been with me from his boyhood in Rome.[7] I found him with one Bernardonaccio, [8] a goldsmith, who did not treat him well; so I brought him away from there, and taught him minutely how to strike coins from those dies.Meanwhile, I went on making the Duke’s portrait; and oftentimes I found him napping after dinner with that Lorenzino of his, who afterwards murdered him, and no other company; and much I marvelled that a Duke of that sort showed such confidence about his safety.9

Note 1.These were the special patrons of the Medicean family, being physician-saints.

Note 2.'Che mi fermassi una provvisione.'

Note 3.The 'giulio' was a coin of 56 Italian centimes or 8 Tuscan 'crazie,' which in Florence was also called 'barile' or 'gabellotto,' because the sum had to be paid as duty on a barrel of wine.

Note 4.See above, p.120, for the right meaning of wardrobe.

Note 5.Messer Francesco of Lucca, surnamed Il Pretino.

Note 6.Margaret of Austria, natural daughter of Charles V., was eventually married in 1536 to Alessandro de’ Medici.

Note 7.Pietro Pagolo Galleotti, much praised by Vasari for his artistic skill.

Note 8.Perhaps Bernardo Sabatini.

Note 9.This is the famous Tuscan Brutus who murdered Alessandro.He was descended from Lorenzo de’ Medici, the brother of Cosimo, 'Pater Patriæ,' and the uncle of Lorenzo the Magnificent.

LXXXI

IT happened at this time Ottaviano de’ Medici, [1] who to all appearances had got the government of everything in his own hands, favoured the old Master of the Mint against the Duke’s will.This man was called Bastiano Cennini, an artist of the antiquated school, and of little skill in his craft.[2] Ottaviano mixed his stupid dies with mine in the coinage of crown-pieces.I complained of this to the Duke, who, when he saw how the matter stood, took it very ill, and said to me: “Go, tell this to Ottaviano de’ Medici, and show him how it is.”[3] I lost no time; and when I had pointed out the injury that had been done to my fine coins, he answered, like the donkey that he was: “We choose to have it so.”I replied that it ought not to be so, and that I did not choose to have it so.He said: “And if the Duke likes to have it so?”I answered: “It would not suit me, for the thing is neither just nor reasonable.”He told me to take myself off, and that I should have no swallow it in this way, even if I burst.Then I returned to the Duke, and related the whole unpleasant conversation between Ottaviano de’ Medici and me, entreating his Excellency not to allow the fine coins which I had made for him to be spoiled, and begging for permission to leave Florence.He replied: “Ottaviano is too presuming: you shall have what you want; for this is an injury offered to myself.”

That very day, which was a Thursday, I received from Rome a full safe-conduct from the Pope, with advice to go there at once and get the pardon of Our Lady’s feast in mid-August, in order that I might clear myself from the penalties attaching to my homicide.I went to the Duke, whom I found in bed, for they told me he was suffering the consequence of a debauch.In little more than two hours I finished what was wanted for his waxen medal; and when I showed it to him, it pleased him extremely.Then I exhibited the safe-conduct sent me at the order of the Pope, and told him how his Holiness had recalled me to execute certain pieces of work; on this account I should like to regain my footing in the fair city of Rome, which would not prevent my attending to his medal.The Duke made answer half in anger: “Benvenuto, do as I desire: stay here; I will provide for your appointments, and will give you the lodgings in the Mint, with much more than you could ask for, because your requests are only just and reasonable.And who do you think will be able to strike the beautiful dies which you have made for me?”Then I said: “My lord, I have thought of everything, for I have here a pupil of mine, a young Roman whom I have taught the art; he will serve your Excellency very well till I return with your medal finished, to remain for ever in your service.I have in Rome a shop open, with journeymen and a pretty business; as soon as I have got my pardon, I will leave all the devotion of Rome [4] to a pupil of mine there, and will come back, with your Excellency’s good permission, to you.”During this conversation, the Lorenzino de’ Medici whom I have above mentioned was present, and no one else.The Duke frequently signed to him that he should join in pressing me to stay; but Lorenzino never said anything except: “Benvenuto, you would do better to remain where you are.”I answered that I wanted by all means to regain my hold on Rome.He made no reply, but continued eyeing the Duke with very evil glances.When I had finished the medal to my liking, and shut it in its little box, I said to the Duke: “My lord, pray let me have your good-will, for I will make you a much finer medal than the one I made for Pope Clement.It is only reasonable that I should since that was the first I ever made.Messer Lorenzo here will give me some exquisite reverse, as he is a person learned and of the greatest genius.”To these words Lorenzo suddenly made answer: “I have been thinking of nothing else but how to give you a reverse worthy of his Excellency.”The Duke laughed a little, and looking at Lorenzo, said: “Lorenzo, you shall give him the reverse, and he shall do it here and shall not go away.”Lorenzo took him up at once, saying: “I will do it as quickly as I can, and I hope to do something that shall make the whole world wonder.”The Duke, who held him sometimes for a fool and sometimes for a coward, turned about in bed, and laughed at his bragging, words.I took my leave without further ceremony, and left them alone together.The Duke, who did not believe that I was really going, said nothing further.Afterwards, when he knew that I was gone, he sent one of his servants, who caught me up at Siena, and gave me fifty golden ducats with a message from the Duke that I should take and use them for his sake, and should return as soon as possible; “and from Messer Lorenzo I have to tell you that he is preparing an admirable reverse for that medal which you want to make.”I had left full directions to Petro Pagolo, the Roman above mentioned, how he had to use the dies; but as it was a very delicate affair, he never quite succeeded in employing them.I remained creditor to the Mint in a matter of more than seventy crowns on account of dies supplied by me.

Note 1.This Ottaviano was not descended from either Cosimo or Lorenzo de’ Medici, but from an elder, though less illustrious, branch of the great family.He married Francesca Salviati, the aunt of Duke Cosimo.Though a great patron of the arts and an intimate friend of M.A.Buonarroti, he was not popular, owing to his pride of place.

Note 2.Cellini praises this man, however, in the preface to the
'Oreficeria.'

Note 3.'Mostragnene.'This is perhaps equivalent to 'mostraglielo.'

Note 4.'Tutta la divozione di Roma.'It is not very clear what this exactly means.Perhaps “all the affection and reverence I have for the city of Rome,” or merely “all my ties in Rome.”

LXXXII

ON the journey to Rome I carried with me that handsome arquebuse which the Duke gave me; and very much to my own pleasure, I used it several times by the way, performing incredible feats by means of it.The little house I had in Strada Giulia was not ready; so I dismounted at the house of Messer Giovanni Gaddi, clerk of the Camera, to whose keeping I had committed, on leaving Rome, many of my arms and other things I cared for.So I did not choose to alight at my shop, but sent for Felice, my partner, and got him to put my little dwelling forthwith into excellent order.The day following, I went to sleep there, after well providing myself with clothes and all things requisite, since I intended to go and thank the Pope next morning.

I had two young serving-lads, and beneath my lodgings lived a laundress who cooked extremely nicely for me.That evening I entertained several friends at supper, and having passed the time with great enjoyment, betook myself to bed.The night had hardly ended, indeed it was more than an hour before daybreak, when I heard a furious knocking at the house-door, stroke succeeding stroke without a moment’s pause.Accordingly I called my elder servant, Cencio [1] (he was the man I took into the necromantic circle), and bade him to go and see who the madman was that knocked so brutally at that hour of the night.While Cencio was on this errand, I lighted another lamp, for I always keep one by me at night; then I made haste to pass an excellent coat of mail over my shirt, and above that some clothes which I caught up at random.Cencio returned, exclaiming: “Heavens, master!it is the Bargello and all his guard; and he says that if you do not open at once, he will knock the door down.They have torches, and a thousand things besides with them!”I answered: “Tell them that I am huddling my clothes on, and will come out to them in my shirt.”Supposing it was a trap laid to murder me, as had before been done by Signor Pier Luigi, I seized an excellent dagger with my right hand, and with the left I took the safe-conduct; then I ran to the back-window, which looked out on gardens, and there I saw more than thirty constables; wherefore I knew that I could not escape upon that side.I made the two lads go in front, and told them to open the door exactly when I gave the word to do so.Then taking up an attitude of defence, with the dagger in my right hand and the safe-conduct in my left, I cried to the lads: “Have no fear, but open!”The Bargello, Vittorio, and the officers sprang inside at once, thinking they could easily lay hands upon me; but when they saw me prepared in that way to receive them, they fell back, exclaiming: “We have a serious job on hand here!”Then I threw the safe-conduct to them, and said: “Read that!and since you cannot seize me, I do not mean that you shall touch me.”The Bargello upon this ordered some of his men to arrest me, saying he would look to the safe-conduct later.Thereat I presented my arms boldly, calling aloud: “Let God defend the right!Either I shall escape your hands alive, or be taken a dead corpse!”The room was crammed with men; they made as though they would resort to violence; I stood upon my guard against them; so that the Bargello saw he would not be able to have me except in the way I said.Accordingly he called his clerk, and while the safe-conduct as being read, he showed by signs two or three times that he meant to have me secured by his officers; but this had no effect of shaking my determination.At last they gave up the attempt, threw my safe-conduct on the ground, and went away without their prize.

Note 1.'I.e.,' Vincenzio Romoli.

LXXXIII

WHEN I returned to bed, I felt so agitated that I could not get to sleep again.My mind was made up to let blood as soon as day broke.However, I asked advice of Messer Gaddi, and he referred to a wretched doctor-fellow he employed, [1] who asked me if I had been frightened.Now, just consider what a judicious doctor this was, after I had narrated an occurrence of that gravity, to ask me such a question!He was an empty fribbler, who kept perpetually laughing about nothing at all.Simpering and sniggering, then, he bade me drink a good cup of Greek wine, keep my spirits up, and not be frightened.Messer Giovanni, however, said: “Master, a man of bronze or marble might be frightened in such circumstances.How much more one of flesh and blood!”The quack responded: “Monsignor, we are not all made after the same pattern; this fellow is no man of bronze or marble, but of pure iron.”Then he gave one of his meaningless laughs, and putting his fingers on my wrist, said: “Feel here; this is not a man’s pulse, but a lion’s or a dragon’s.”At this, I, whose blood was thumping in my veins, probably far beyond anything which that fool of a doctor had learned from his Hippocrates or Galen, knew at once how serious was my situation; yet wishing not to add to my uneasiness and to the harm I had already taken, I made show of being in good spirits.While this was happening, Messer Giovanni had ordered dinner, and we all of us sat down to eat in company.I remembered that Messer Lodovico da Fano, Messer Antonio Allegretti, Messer Giovanni Greco, all of them men of the finest scholarship, and Messer Annibal Caro, who was then quite young, were present.At table the conversation turned entirely upon my act of daring.They insisted on hearing the whole story over and over again from my apprentice Cencio, who was a youth of superlative talent, bravery, and extreme personal beauty.Each time that he described my truculent behaviour, throwing himself into the attitudes I had assumed, and repeating the words which I had used, he called up some fresh detail to my memory.They kept asking him if he had been afraid; to which he answered that they ought to ask me if I had been afraid, because he felt precisely the same as I had.

All this chattering grew irksome to me; and since I still felt strongly agitated, I rose at last from table, saying that I wanted to go and get new clothes of blue silk and stuff for him and me; adding that I meant to walk in procession after four days at the feast of Our Lady, and meant Cencio to carry a white lighted torch on the occasion.Accordingly I took my leave, and had the blue cloth cut, together with a handsome jacket of blue sarcenet and a little doublet of the same; and I had a similar jacket and waistcoat made for Cencio.

When these things had been cut out, I went to see the Pope, who told me to speak with Messer Ambruogio; for he had given orders that I should execute a large piece of golden plate.So I went to find Messer Ambruogio, who had heard the whole of the affair of the Bargello, and had been in concert with my enemies to bring me back to Rome, and had scolded the Bargello for not laying hands on me.The man excused himself by saying that he could not do so in the face of the safe-conduct which I held.Messer Ambruogio now began to talk about the Pope’s commission, and bade me make drawings for it, saying that the business should be put at once in train.Meanwhile the feast of Our Lady came round.Now it is the custom for those who get a pardon upon this occasion to give themselves up to prison; in order to avoid doing which I returned to the Pope, and told his Holiness that I was very unwilling to go to prison, and that I begged him to grant me the favour of a dispensation.The Pope answered that such was the custom, and that I must follow it.Thereupon I fell again upon my knees, and thanked him for the safe-conduct he had given me, saying at the same time that I should go back with it to serve my Duke in Florence, who was waiting for me so impatiently.On hearing this, the Pope turned to one of his confidential servants and said: “Let Benvenuto get his grace without the prison, and see that his 'moto proprio' is made out in due form.”As soon as the document had been drawn up, his Holiness signed it; it was then registered at the Capitol; afterwards, upon the day appointed, I walked in procession very honourably between two gentlemen, and so got clear at last.

Note 1.Possibly Bernardino Lilii of Todi.

LXXXIV

FOUR days had passed when I was attacked with violent fever attended by extreme cold; and taking to my bed, I made my mind up that I was sure to die.I had the first doctors of Rome called in, among whom was Francesco da Norcia, a physician of great age, and of the best repute in Rome.[1] I told them what I believed to be the cause of my illness, and said that I had wished to let blood, but that I had been advised against it; and if it was not too late, I begged them to bleed me now.Maestro Francesco answered that it would not be well for me to let blood then, but that if I had done so before, I should have escaped without mischief; at present they would have to treat the case with other remedies.So they began to doctor me as energetically as they were able, while I grew daily worse and worse so rapidly, that after eight days the physicians despaired of my life, and said that I might be indulged in any whim I had to make me comfortable.Maestro Francesco added: “As long as there is breath in him, call me at all hours; for no one can divine what Nature is able to work in a young man of this kind; moreover, if he should lose consciousness, administer these five remedies one after the other, and send for me, for I will come at any hour of the night; I would rather save him than any of the cardinals in Rome.”

Every day Messer Giovanni Gaddi came to see me two or three times, and each time he took up one or other of my handsome fowling-pieces, coats of mail, or swords, using words like these: “That is a handsome thing, that other is still handsomer;” and likewise with my models and other trifles, so that at last he drove me wild with annoyance.In his company came a certain Matio Franzesi [2] and this man also appeared to be waiting impatiently for my death, not indeed because he would inherit anything from me, but because he wished for what his master seemed to have so much at heart.

Felice, my partner, was always at my side, rendering the greatest services which it is possible for one man to give another.Nature in me was utterly debilitated and undone; I had not strength enough to fetch my breath back if it left me; and yet my brain remained as clear and strong as it had been before my illness.Nevertheless, although I kept my consciousness, a terrible old man used to come to my bedside, and make as though he would drag me by force into a huge boat he had with him.This made me call out to my Felice to draw near and chase that malignant old man away.Felice, who loved me most affectionately, ran weeping and crying: “Away with you, old traitor; you are robbing me of all the good I have in this world.”Messer Giovanni Gaddi, who was present, then began to say: “The poor fellow is delirious, and has only a few hours to live.”His fellow, Mattio Franzesi, remarked: “He has read Dante, and in the prostration of his sickness this apparition has appeared to him” [3] then he added laughingly: “Away with you, old rascal, and don’t bother our friend Benvenuto.”When I saw that they were making fun of me, I turned to Messer Gaddi and said: “My dear master, know that I am not raving, and that it is true that this old man is really giving me annoyance; but the best that you can do for me would be to drive that miserable Mattio from my side, who is laughing at my affliction, afterwards if your lordship deigns to visit me again, let me beg you to come with Messer Antonio Allegretti, or with Messer Annibal Caro, or with some other of your accomplished friends, who are persons of quite different intelligence and discretion from that beast.”Thereupon Messer Giovanni told Mattio in jest to take himself out of his sight for ever; but because Mattio went on laughing, the joke turned to earnest, for Messer Giovanni would not look upon him again, but sent for Messer Antonio Allegretti, Messer Ludovico, and Messer Annibal Caro.On the arrival of these worthy men, I was greatly comforted, and talked reasonably with them awhile, not however without frequently urging Felice to drive the old man away.Messer Ludovico asked me what it was I seemed to see, and how the man was shaped.While I portrayed him accurately in words, the old man took me by the arm and dragged me violently towards him.This made me cry out for aid, because he was going to fling me under hatches in his hideous boat.On saying that last word, I fell into a terrible swoon, and seemed to be sinking down into the boat.They say that during that fainting-fit I flung myself about and cast bad words at Messer Giovanni Gaddi, to wit, that he came to rob me, and not from any motive of charity, and other insults of the kind, which caused him to be much ashamed.Later on, they say I lay still like one dead; and after waiting by me more than an hour, thinking I was growing cold, they left me for dead.When they returned home, Mattio Franzesi was informed, who wrote to Florence to Messer Benedetto Varchi, my very dear friend, that they had seen me die at such and such an hour of the night.When he heard the news, that most accomplished man and my dear friend composed an admirable sonnet upon my supposed but not real death, which shall be reported in its proper place.

More than three long hours passed, and yet I did not regain consciousness.Felice having used all the remedies prescribed by Maestro Francesco, and seeing that I did not come to, ran post-haste to the physician’s door, and knocked so loudly that he woke him up, and made him rise, and begged him with tears to come to the house, for he thought that I was dead.Whereto Maestro Francesco, who was a very choleric man, replied: “My son, of what use do you think I should be if I came?If he is dead, I am more sorry than you are.Do you imagine that if I were to come with my medicine I could blow breath up through his guts [4] and bring him back to life for you?”But when he saw that the poor young fellow was going away weeping, he called him back and gave him an oil with which to anoint my pulses, and my heart, telling him to pinch my little fingers and toes very tightly, and to send at once to call him if I should revive.Felice took his way, and did as Maestro Francesco had ordered.It was almost bright day when, thinking they would have to abandon hope, they gave orders to have my shroud made and to wash me.Suddenly I regained consciousness, and called out to Felice to drive away the old man on the moment, who kept tormenting me.He wanted to send for Maestro Francesco, but I told him not to do so, but to come close up to me, because that old man was afraid of him and went away at once.So Felice drew near to the bed; I touched him, and it seemed to me that the infuriated old man withdrew; so I prayed him not to leave me for a second.

When Maestro Francesco appeared, he said it was his dearest wish to save my life, and that he had never in all his days seen greater force in a young man than I had.Then he sat down to write, and prescribed for me perfumes, lotions, unctions, plasters, and a heap of other precious things.Meanwhile I came to life again by the means of more than twenty leeches applied to my buttocks, but with my body bore through, bound, and ground to powder.Many of my friends crowded in to behold the miracle of the resuscitated dead man, and among them people of the first importance.

In their presence I declared that the small amount of gold and money I possessed, perhaps some eight hundred crowns, what with gold, silver, jewels, and cash, should be given by my will to my poor sister in Florence, called Mona Liperata; all the remainder of my property, armour and everything besides, I left to my dearest Felice, together with fifty golden ducats, in order that he might buy mourning.At those words Felice flung his arms around my neck, protesting that he wanted nothing but to have me as he wished alive with him.Then I said: “If you want me alive, touch me as you did before, and threaten the old man, for he is afraid of you.”At these words some of the folk were terrified, knowing that I was not raving, but talking to the purpose and with all my wits.Thus my wretched malady went dragging on, and I got but little better.Maestro Francesco, that most excellent man, came four or five times a day; Messer Giovanni Gaddi, who felt ashamed, did not visit me again.My brother-in-law, the husband of my sister, arrived; he came from Florence for the inheritance; but as he was a very worthy man, he rejoiced exceedingly to have found me alive.The sight of him did me a world of good, and he began to caress me at once, saying he had only come to take care of me in person; and this he did for several days.Afterwards I sent him away, having almost certain hope of my recovery.On this occasion he left the sonnet of Messer Benedetto Varchi, which runs as follows: 5

     “Who shall, Mattio, yield our pain relief?
       Who shall forbid the sad expense of tears?
       Alas!        ‘tis true that in his youthful years
     Our friend hath flown, and left us here to grief.

     “He hath gone up to heaven, who was the chief
       Of men renowned in art’s immortal spheres;
       Among the mighty dead he had no peers,
     Nor shall earth see his like, in my belief.

     O gentle sprite!     if love still sway the blest,
       Look down on him thou here didst love, and view
       These tears that mourn my loss, not thy great good.

     “There dost thou gaze on His beatitude
       Who made our universe, and findest true
       The form of Him thy skill for men expressed.”

Note 1.Francesco Fusconi, physician to Popes Adrian VI., Clement VII., and Paul III.

Note 2.Franzesi was a clever Italian poet.His burlesque Capitoli are printed with those of Berni and others.

Note 3.'Inferno,' iii., the verses about Charon.

Note 4.'Io ali possa soffiare in culo.'

Note 5.This sonnet is so insipid, so untrue to Cellini’s real place in art, so false to the far from saintly character of the man, that I would rather have declined translating it, had I not observed it to be a good example of that technical and conventional insincerity which was invading Italy at this epoch.Varchi was really sorry to hear the news of Cellini’s death; but for his genuine emotion he found spurious vehicles of utterance.Cellini, meanwhile, had a right to prize it, since it revealed to him what friendship was prepared to utter after his decease.

LXXXV

MY sickness had been of such a very serious nature that it seemed impossible for me to fling it off.That worthy man Maestro Francesco da Norcia redoubled his efforts, and brought me every day fresh remedies, trying to restore strength to my miserable unstrung frame.Yet all these endeavours were apparently insufficient to overcome the obstinacy of my malady, so that the physicians were in despair and at their wits’ ends what to do.I was tormented by thirst, but had abstained from drinking for many days according to the doctors’ orders.Felice, who thought he had done wonders in restoring me, never left my side.That old man ceased to give so much annoyance, yet sometimes he appeared to me in dreams.

One day Felice had gone out of doors, leaving me under the care of a young apprentice and a servant-maid called Beatrice.I asked the apprentice what had become of my lad Cencio, and what was the reason why I had never seen him in attendance on me.The boy replied that Cencio had been far more ill than I was, and that he was even at death’s door.Felice had given them orders not to speak to me of this.On hearing the news, I was exceedingly distressed; then I called the maid Beatrice, a Pistojan girl, and asked her to bring me a great crystal water-cooler which stood near, full of clear and fresh water.She ran at once, and brought it to me full; I told her to put it to my lips, adding that if she let me take a draught according to my heart’s content, I would give her a new gown.This maid had stolen from me certain little things of some importance, and in her fear of being detected, she would have been very glad if I had died.Accordingly she allowed me twice to take as much as I could of the water, so that in good earnest I swallowed more than a flask full.[1] I then covered myself, and began to sweat, and fell into a deep sleep.After I had slept about an hour, Felice came home and asked the boy how I was getting on.He answered: “I do not know.Beatrice brought him that cooler full of water, and he has drunk almost the whole of it.I don’t know now whether he is alive or dead.”They say that my poor friend was on the point of falling to the ground, so grieved was he to hear this.Afterwards he took an ugly stick and began to beat the serving-girl with all his might, shouting out: “Ah!traitress, you have killed him for me then?”While Felice was cudgelling and she screaming, I was in a dream; I thought the old man held ropes in his hand, and while he was preparing to bind me, Felice had arrived and struck him with an axe, so that the old man fled exclaiming: “Let me go, and I promise not to return for a long while.”Beatrice in the meantime had run into my bedroom shrieking loudly.This woke me up, and I called out: “Leave her alone; perhaps, when she meant to do me harm, she did me more good than you were able to do with all your efforts.She may indeed have saved my life; so lend me a helping hand, for I have sweated; and be quick about it.”Felice recovered his spirits, dried and made me comfortable; and I, being conscious of a great improvement in my state, began to reckon on recovery.

When Maestro Francesco appeared and saw my great improvement, and the servant-girl in tears, and the prentice running to and fro, and Felice laughing, all this disturbance made him think that something extraordinary must have happened, which had been the cause of my amendment.Just then the other doctor, Bernardino, put in his appearance, who at the beginning of my illness had refused to bleed me.Maestro Francesco, that most able man, exclaimed: “Oh, power of Nature!She knows what she requires, and the physicians know nothing.”That simpleton, Maestro Bernardino, made answer, saying: “If he had drunk another bottle he would have been cured upon the spot.”Maestro Francesco da Norcia, a man of age and great authority, said: “That would have been a terrible misfortune, and would to God that it may fall on you!”Afterwards he turned to me and asked if I could have drunk more water.I answered: “No, because I had entirely quenched my thirst.”Then he turned to Maestro Bernardino, and said: “Look you how Nature has taken precisely what she wanted, neither more nor less.In like manner she was asking for what she wanted when the poor young man begged you to bleed him.If you knew that his recovery depended upon his drinking two flasks of water, why did you not say so before?You might then have boasted of his cure.”At these words the wretched quack sulkily departed, and never showed his face again.

Maestro Francesco then gave orders that I should be removed from my room and carried to one of the hills there are in Rome.Cardinal Cornaro, when he heard of my improvement, had me transported to a place of his on Monte Cavallo.The very evening I was taken with great precautions in a chair, well wrapped up and protected from the cold.No sooner had I reached the place than I began to vomit, during which there came from my stomach a hairy worm about a quarter of a cubit in length: the hairs were long, and the worm was very ugly, speckled of divers colours, green, black, and red.They kept and showed it to the doctor, who said he had never seen anything of the sort before, and afterwards remarked to Felice: “Now take care of your Benvenuto, for he is cured.Do not permit him any irregularities; for though he has escaped this time, another disorder now would be the death of him.You see his malady has been so grave, that if we had brought him the extreme unction, we might not have been in time.Now I know that with a little patience and time he will live to execute more of his fine works.”Then he turned to me and said: “My Benvenuto, be prudent, commit no excesses, and when you are quite recovered, I beg you to make me a Madonna with your own hand, and I will always pay my devotions to it for your sake.”This I promised to do, and then asked him whether it would be safe for me to travel so far as to Florence.He advised me to wait till I was stronger, and till we could observe how Nature worked in me.

Note 1.'Un fiasco,' holding more than a quart.

LXXXVI

WHEN eight days had come and gone, my amendment was so slight that life itself became almost a burden to me; indeed I had been more than fifty days in that great suffering.So I made my mind up, and prepared to travel.My dear Felice and I went toward Florence in a pair of baskets; [1] and as I had not written, when I reached my sister’s house, she wept and laughed over me all in one breath.That day many friends came to see me; among others Pier Landi, who was the best and dearest friend I ever had.Next day there came a certain Niccolò da Monte Aguto, who was also a very great friend of mine.Now he had heard the Duke say: “Benvenuto would have done much better to die, because he is come to put his head into a noose, and I will never pardon him.”Accordingly when Niccolò arrived, he said to me in desperation: “Alas!my dear Benvenuto, what have you come to do here?Did you not know what you have done to displease the Duke?I have heard him swear that you were thrusting your head into a halter.”Then I replied: “Niccolò, remind his Excellency that Pope Clement wanted to do as much to me before, and quite as unjustly; tell him to keep his eye on me, and give me time to recover; then I will show his Excellency that I have been the most faithful servant he will ever have in all his life; and forasmuch as some enemy must have served me this bad turn through envy, let him wait till I get well; for I shall then be able to give such an account of myself as will make him marvel.”

This bad turn had been done me by Giorgetto Vassellario of Arezzo, [2] the painter; perchance in recompense for many benefits conferred on him.I had harboured him in Rome and provided for his costs, while he had turned my whole house upside down; for the man was subject to a species of dry scab, which he was always in the habit of scratching with his hands.It happened, then, that sleeping in the same bed as an excellent workman, named Manno, who was in my service, when he meant to scratch himself, he tore the skin from one of Manno’s legs with his filthy claws, the nails of which he never used to cut.The said Manno left my service, and was resolutely bent on killing him.I made the quarrel up, and afterwards got Giorgio into Cardinal de’ Medici’s household, and continually helped him.For these deserts, then, he told Duke Alessandro that I had abused his Excellency, and had bragged I meant to be the first to leap upon the walls of Florence with his foes the exiles.These words, as I afterwards learned, had been put into Vasari’s lips by that excellent fellow, [3] Ottaviano de’ Medici, who wanted to revenge himself for the Duke’s irritation against him, on account of the coinage and my departure from Florence.I, being innocent of the crime falsely ascribed to me, felt no fear whatever.Meanwhile that able physician Francesco da Monte Varchi attended to my cure with great skill.He had been brought by my very dear friend Luca Martini, who passed the larger portion of the day with me.4

Note 1.'Un paio di ceste,' a kind of litter, here described in the plural, because two of them were perhaps put together.I have thought it best to translate the phrase literally.From a letter of Varchi to Bembo, we learn that Cellini reached Florence, November 9, 1535.

Note 2.This is the famous Giorgio Vasari, a bad painter and worse architect, but dear to all lovers of the arts for his anecdotic work upon Italian artists.

Note 3.'Galantuomo,' used ironically,

Note 4.Luca Martini was a member of the best literary society in his days, and the author of some famous burlesque pieces.

LXXXVII

DURING this while I had sent my devoted comrade Felice back to Rome, to look after our business there.When I could raise my head a little from the bolster, which was at the end of fifteen days, although I was unable to walk upon my feet, I had myself carried to the palace of the Medici, and placed upon the little upper terrace.There they seated me to wait until the Duke went by.Many of my friends at court came up to greet me, and expressed surprise that I had undergone the inconvenience of being carried in that way, while so shattered by illness; they said that I ought to have waited till I was well, and then to have visited the Duke.A crowd of them collected, all looking at me as a sort of miracle; not merely because they had heard that I was dead, but far more because I had the look of a dead man.Then publicly, before them all, I said how some wicked scoundrel had told my lord the Duke that I had bragged I meant to be the first to scale his Excellency’s walls, and also that I had abused him personally; wherefore I had not the heart to live or die till I had purged myself of that infamy, and found out who the audacious rascal was who had uttered such calumnies against me.At these words a large number of those gentlemen came round, expressing great compassion for me; one said one thing, one another, and I told them I would never go thence before I knew who had accused me.At these words Maestro Agostino, the Duke’s tailor, made his way through all those gentlemen, and said: “If that is all you want to know, you shall know, it at this very moment.”

Giorgio the painter, whom I have mentioned, happened just then to pass, and Maestro Agostino exclaimed: “There is the man who accused you; now you know yourself if it be true or not.”As fiercely as I could, not being able to leave my seat, I asked Giorgio if it was true that he had accused me.He denied that it was so, and that he had ever said anything of the sort.Maestro Agostino retorted: “You gallows-bird!don’t you know that I know it for most certain?”Giorgio made off as quickly as he could, repeating that he had not accused me.Then, after a short while, the Duke came by; whereupon I had myself raised up before his Excellency, and he halted.I told him that I had come therein that way solely in order to clear my character.The Duke gazed at me, and marvelled I was still alive; afterwards he bade me take heed to be an honest man and regain my health.

When I reached home, Niccolò da Monte Aguto came to visit me, and told me that I had escaped one of the most dreadful perils in the world, quite contrary to all his expectations, for he had seen my ruin written with indelible ink; now I must make haste to get well, and afterwards take French leave, because my jeopardy came from a quarter and a man who was able to destroy me.He then said, “Beware,” and added: “What displeasure have you given to that rascal Ottaviano de’ Medici?”I answered that I had done nothing to displease him, but that he had injured me; and told him all the affair about the Mint.He repeated: “Get hence as quickly as you can, and be of good courage, for you will see your vengeance executed sooner than you expect.”I the best attention to my health, gave Pietro Pagolo advice about stamping the coins, and then went off upon my way to Rome without saying a word to the Duke or anybody else.

LXXXVIII

WHEN I reached Rome, and had enjoyed the company of my friends awhile, I began the Duke’s medal.In a few days I finished the head in steel, and it was the finest work of the kind which I had ever produced.At least once every day there came to visit me a sort of blockhead named Messer Francesco Soderini.[1] When he saw what I was doing, he used frequently to exclaim: “Barbarous wretch!you want them to immortalise that ferocious tyrant!You have never made anything so exquisite, which proves you our inveterate foe and their devoted friend; and yet the Pope and he have had it twice in mind to hang you without any fault of yours.That was the Father and the Son; now beware of the Holy Ghost.”It was firmly believed that Duke Alessandro was the son of Pope Clement.Messer Francesco used also to say and swear by all his saints that, if he could, he would have robbed me of the dies for that medal.I responded that he had done well to tell me so, and that I would take such care of them that he should never see them more.

I now sent to Florence to request Lorenzino that he would send me the reverse of the medal.Niccolò da Monte Aguto, to whom I had written, wrote back, saying that he had spoken to that mad melancholy philosopher Lorenzino for it; he had replied that he was thinking night and day of nothing else, and that he would finish it as soon as he was able.Nevertheless, I was not to set my hopes upon his reverse, but I had better invent one out of my own head, and when I had finished it, I might bring it without hesitation to the Duke, for this would be to my advantage.

I composed the design of a reverse which seemed to me appropriate, and pressed the work forward to my best ability.Not being, however, yet recovered from that terrible illness, I gave myself frequent relaxation by going out on fowling expeditions with my friend Felice.This man had no skill in my art; but since we were perpetually day and night together, everybody thought he was a first-rate craftsman.This being so, as he was a fellow of much humour, we used often to laugh together about the great credit he had gained.His name was Felice Guadagni (Gain), which made him say in jest: “I should be called Felice Gain-little if you had not enabled me to acquire such credit that I can call myself Gain-much.”I replied that there are two ways of gaining: the first is that by which one gains for one’s self, the second that by which one gains for others; so I praised him much more for the second than the first, since he had gained for me my life.

We often held such conversations; but I remember one in particular on the day of Epiphany, when we were together near La Magliana.It was close upon nightfall, and during the day I had shot a good number of ducks and geese; then, as I had almost made my mind up to shoot no more that time, we were returning briskly toward Rome.Calling to my dog by his name, Barucco, and not seeing him in front of me, I turned round and noticed that the well-trained animal was pointing at some geese which had settled in a ditch.I therefore dismounted at once, got my fowling-piece ready, and at a very long range brought two of them down with a single ball.I never used to shoot with more than one ball, and was usually able to hit my mark at two hundred cubits, which cannot be done by other ways of loading.Of the two geese, one was almost dead, and the other, though badly wounded, was flying lamely.My dog retrieved the one and brought it to me; but noticing that the other was diving down into the ditch, I sprang forward to catch it.Trusting to my boots, which came high up the leg, I put one foot forward; it sank in the oozy ground; and so, although I got the goose, the boot of my right leg was full of water.I lifted my foot and let the water run out; then, when I had mounted, we made haste for Rome.The cold, however, was very great, and I felt my leg freeze, so that I said to Felice: “We must do something to help this leg, for I don’t know how to bear it longer.”The good Felice, without a word, leapt from his horse, and gathering some thistles and bits of stick, began to build a fire.I meanwhile was waiting, and put my hands among the breast-feathers of the geese, and felt them very warm.So I told him not to make the fire, but filled my boot with the feathers of the goose, and was immediately so much comforted that I regained vitality.

Note 1.He had been banished in 1530 as a foe to the Medicean house.

LXXXIX

WE mounted, and rode rapidly toward Rome; and when we had reached a certain gently rising ground-night had already fallen-looking in the direction of Florence, both with one breath exclaimed in the utmost astonishment: “O God of heaven!what is that great thing one sees there over Florence?”It resembled a huge beam of fire, which sparkled and gave out extraordinary lustre.

I said to Felice: “Assuredly we shall hear to-morrow that something of vast importance has happened in Florence.”As we rode into Rome, the darkness was extreme; and when we came near the Banchi and our own house, my little horse was going in an amble at a furious speed.Now that day they had thrown a heap of plaster and broken tiles in the middle of the road, which neither my horse nor myself perceived.In his fiery pace the beast ran up it; but on coming down upon the other side he turned a complete somersault.He had his head between his legs, and it was only through the power of God himself that I escaped unhurt.The noise we made brought the neighbours out with lights; but I had already jumped to my feet; and so, without remounting, I ran home, laughing to have come unhurt out of an accident enough to break my neck.

On entering the house, I found some friends of mine there, to whom, while we were supping together, I related the adventures of the day’s chase and the diabolical apparition of the fiery beam which we had seen.They exclaimed: “What shall we hear to-morrow which this portent has announced?”I answered: “Some revolution must certainly have occurred in Florence.”So we supped agreeably; and late the next day there came the news to Rome of Duke Alessandro’s death.[1] Upon this many of my acquaintances came to me and said: “You were right in conjecturing that something of great importance had happened at Florence.”Just then Francesco Soderini appeared jogging along upon a wretched mule he had, and laughing all the way like a madman.He said to me: “This is the reverse of that vile tyrant’s medal which your Lorenzino de’ Medici promised you.”Then he added: “You wanted to immortalise the dukes for us; but we mean to have no more dukes;” and thereupon he jeered me, as though I had been the captain of the factions which make dukes.Meanwhile a certain Baccio Bettini, [2] who had an ugly big head like a bushel, came up and began to banter me in the same way about dukes, calling out: “We have dis-duked them, and won’t have any more of them; and you were for making them immortal for us!”with many other tiresome quips of the same kind.I lost my patience at this nonsense, and said to them: “You blockheads!I am a poor goldsmith, who serve whoever pays me; and you are jeering me as though I were a party-leader.However, this shall not make me cast in your teeth the insatiable greediness, idiotcy, and good-for-nothingness of your predecessors.But this one answer I will make to all your silly railleries; that before two or three days at the longest have passed by, you will have another duke, much worse perhaps than he who now has left you.”[3]

The following day Bettini came to my shop and said: “There is no need to spend money in couriers, for you know things before they happen.What spirit tells them to you?”Then he informed me that Cosimo de’ Medici, the son of Signor Giovanni, was made Duke; but that certain conditions had been imposed at his election, which would hold him back from kicking up his heels at his own pleasure.I now had my opportunity for laughing at them, and saying: “Those men of Florence have set a young man upon a mettlesome horse; next they have buckled spurs upon his heels, and put the bridle freely in his hands, and turned him out upon a magnificent field, full of flowers and fruits and all delightful things; next they have bidden him not to cross certain indicated limits: now tell me, you, who there is that can hold him back, whenever he has but the mind to cross them?Laws cannot be imposed on him who is the master of the law.”So they left me alone, and gave me no further annoyance.[4]

Note 1.Alessandro was murdered by his cousin Lorenzino at Florence on the 5th of January 1537.

Note 2.Bettini was an intimate friend of Buonarroti and a considerable patron of the arts.

Note 3.This exchange of ironical compliments testifies to Cellini’s strong Medicean leanings, and also to the sagacity with which he judged the political situation.

Note 4.Cellini only spoke the truth on this occasion; for Cosimo soon kicked down the ladder which had lifted him to sovereignty, and showed himself the absolute master of Florence.Cosimo was elected Duke upon the 9th of January 1537.

XC

I NOW began to attend to my shop, and did some business, not however of much moment, because I had still to think about my health, which was not yet established after that grave illness I had undergone.About this time the Emperor returned victorious from his expedition against Tunis, and the Pope sent for me to take my advice concerning the present of honour it was fit to give him.[1] I answered that it seemed to me most appropriate to present his Imperial Majesty with a golden crucifix, for which I had almost finished an ornament quite to the purpose, and which would confer the highest honour upon his Holiness and me.I had already made three little figures of gold in the round, about a palm high; they were those which I had begun for the chalice of Pope Clement, representing Faith, Hope, and Charity.To these I added in wax what was wanting for the basement of the cross.I carried the whole to the Pope, with the Christ in wax, and many other exquisite decorations which gave him complete satisfaction.Before I took leave of his Holiness, we had agreed on every detail, and calculated the price of the work.

This was one evening four hours after nightfall, and the Pope had ordered Messer Latino Juvenale to see that I had money paid to me next morning.This Messer Latino, who had a pretty big dash of the fool in his composition, bethought him of furnishing the Pope with a new idea, which was, however, wholly of his own invention.So he altered everything which had been arranged; and next morning, when I went for the money, he said with his usual brutal arrogance: “It is our part to invent, and yours to execute; before I left the Pope last night we thought of something far superior.”To these first words I answered, without allowing him to proceed farther: “Neither you nor the Pope can think of anything better than a piece of which Christ plays a part; so you may go on with your courtier’s nonsense till you have no more to say.”

Without uttering one word, he left me in a rage, and tried to get the work given to another goldsmith.The Pope, however, refused, and sent for me at once, and told me I had spoken well, but that they wanted to make use of a Book of Hours of Our Lady, which was marvellously illuminated, and had cost the Cardinal de’ Medici more than two thousand crowns.They thought that this would be an appropriate present to the Empress, and that for the Emperor they would afterwards make what I had suggested, which was indeed a present worthy of him; but now there was no time to lose, since the Emperor was expected in Rome in about a month and a half.He wanted the book to be enclosed in a case of massive gold, richly worked, and adorned with jewels valued at about six thousand crowns.Accordingly, when the jewels and the gold were given me, I began the work, and driving it briskly forward, in a few days brought it to such beauty that the Pope was astonished, and showed me the most distinguished signs of favour, conceding at the same time that that beast Juvenale should have nothing more to do with me.

I had nearly brought my work to its completion when the Emperor arrived, and numerous triumphal arches of great magnificence were erected in his honour.He entered Rome with extraordinary pomp, the description of which I leave to others, since I mean to treat of those things only which concern myself.[2] Immediately after his arrival, he gave the Pope a diamond which he had bought for twelve thousand crowns.This diamond the Pope committed to my care, ordering me to make a ring to the measure of his holiness’ finger; but first he wished me to bring the book in the state to which I had advanced it.I took it accordingly, and he was highly pleased with it; then he asked my advice concerning the apology which could be reasonably made to the Emperor for the unfinished condition of my work.I said that my indisposition would furnish a sound excuse, since his Majesty, seeing how thin and pale I was, would very readily believe and accept it.To this the Pope replied that he approved of the suggestion, but that I should add on the part of his Holiness, when I presented the book to the Emperor, that I made him the present of myself.Then he told me in detail how I had to behave, and the words I had to say.These words I repeated to the Pope, asking him if he wished me to deliver them in that way.He replied: “You would acquit yourself to admiration if you had the courage to address the Emperor as you are addressing me.”Then I said that I had the courage to speak with far greater ease and freedom to the Emperor, seeing that the Emperor was clothed as I was, and that I should seem to be speaking to a man formed like myself; this was not the case when I addressed his Holiness, in whom I beheld a far superior deity, both by reason of his ecclesiastical adornments, which shed a certain aureole about him, and at the same time because of his holiness’ dignity of venerable age; all these things inspired in me more awe than the Imperial Majesty.To these words the Pope responded: “Go, my Benvenuto; you are a man of ability; do us honour, and it will be well for you.”

Note 1.Cellini returns to the year 1535, when Charles V.arrived in
November from Tunis.

Note 2.The entry into Rome took place April 6, 1536.

XCI

THE POPE ordered out two Turkish horses, which had belonged to Pope Clement, and were the most beautiful that ever came to Christendom.Messer Durante, [1] his chamberlain, was bidden to bring them through the lower galleries of the palace, and there to give them to the Emperor, repeating certain words which his Holiness dictated to him.We both went down together, and when we reached the presence of the Emperor, the horses made their entrance through those halls with so much spirit and such a noble carriage that the Emperor and every one were struck with wonder.Thereupon, Messer Durante advanced in so graceless a manner, and delivered his speech with so much of Brescian lingo, mumbling his words over in his mouth, that one never saw or heard anything worse; indeed the Emperor could not refrain from smiling at him.I meanwhile had already uncovered my piece; and observing that the Emperor had turned his eyes towards me with a very gracious look, I advanced at once and said: “Sacred Majesty, our most holy Father, Pope Paolo, sends this book of the Virgin as a present to your Majesty, the which is written in a fair clerk’s hand, and illuminated by the greatest master who ever professed that art; and this rich cover of gold and jewels is unfinished, as you here behold it, by reason of my illness: wherefore his Holiness, together with the book, presents me also, and attaches me to your Majesty in order that I may complete the work; nor this alone, but everything which you may have it in your mind to execute so long as life is left me, will I perform at your service.”Thereto the Emperor responded: “The book is acceptable to me, and so are you; but I desire you to complete it for me in Rome; when it is finished, and you are restored to health, bring it me and come to see me.”Afterwards, in course of conversation, he called me by my name, which made me wonder, because no words had been dropped in which my name occurred; and he said that he had seen that fastening of Pope Clement’s cope, on which I had wrought so many wonderful figures.We continued talking in this way a whole half hour, touching on divers topics artistic and agreeable; then, since it seemed to me that I had acquitted myself with more honour than I had expected, I took the occasion of a slight lull in the conversation to make my bow and to retire.The Emperor was heard to say: “Let five hundred golden crowns be given at once to Benvenuto.”The person who brought them up asked who the Pope’s man was who had spoken to the Emperor.Messer Durante came forward and robbed me of my five hundred crowns.I complained to the Pope, who told me not to be uneasy, for he knew how everything had happened, and how well I had conducted myself in addressing the Emperor, and of the money I should certainly obtain my share.

Note 1.Messer Durante Duranti, Prefect of the Camera under Paul III, who gave him the hat in 1544, and the Bishopric of Brescia afterwards.

XCII

WHEN I returned to my shop, I set my hand with diligence to finishing the diamond ring, concerning which the four first jewellers of Rome were sent to consult with me.This was because the Pope had been informed that the diamond had been set by the first jeweller of the world in Venice; he was called Maestro Miliano Targhetta; and the diamond being somewhat thin, the job of setting it was too difficult to be attempted without great deliberation.I was well pleased to receive these four jewellers, among whom was a man of Milan called Gaio.He was the most presumptuous donkey in the world, the one who knew least and who thought he knew most; the others were very modest and able craftsmen.In the presence of us all this Gaio began to talk, and said: “Miliano’s foil should be preserved, and to do that, Benvenuto, you shall doff your cap; [1] for just as giving diamonds a tint is the most delicate and difficult thing in the jeweller’s art, so is Miliano the greatest jeweller that ever lived, and this is the most difficult diamond to tint.”I replied that it was all the greater glory for me to compete with so able a master in such an excellent profession.Afterwards I turned to the other jewellers and said: “Look here!I am keeping Miliano’s foil, and I will see whether I can improve on it with some of my own manufacture; if not, we will tint it with the same you see here.”That ass Gaio exclaimed that if I made a foil like that he would gladly doff his cap to it.To which I replied: “Supposing then I make it better, it will deserve two bows.”“Certainly so,” said he; and I began to compose my foils.

I took the very greatest pains in mixing the tints, the method of doing which I will explain in the proper place.[2] It is certain that the diamond in question offered more difficulties than any others which before or afterwards have come into my hands, and Miliano’s foil was made with true artistic skill.However, that did not dismay me; but having sharpened my wits up, I succeeded not only in making something quite as good, but in exceeding it by far.Then, when I saw that I had surpassed him, I went about to surpass myself, and produced a foil by new processes which was a long way better than what I had previously made.Thereupon I sent for the jewellers; and first I tinted the diamond with Miliano’s foil: then I cleaned it well and tinted it afresh with my own.When I showed it to the jewellers, one of the best among them, who was called Raffael del Moro, took the diamond in his hand and said to Gaio: “Benvenuto has outdone the foil of Miliano.”Gaio, unwilling to believe it, took the diamond and said: “Benvenuto, this diamond is worth two thousand ducats more than with the foil of Miliano.”I rejoined: “Now that I have surpassed Miliano, let us see if I can surpass myself.”Then I begged them to wait for me a while, went up into a little cabinet, and having tinted the diamond anew unseen by them, returned and showed it to the jewellers.Gaio broke out at once: “This is the most marvellous thing that I have ever seen in the course of my whole lifetime.The stone is worth upwards of eighteen thousand crowns, whereas we valued it at barely twelve thousand.”The others jewellers turned to him and said: “Benvenuto is the glory of our art, and it is only due that we should doff our caps to him and to his foils.”Then Gaio said: “I shall go and tell the Pope, and I mean to procure for him one thousand golden crowns for the setting of this diamond.”Accordingly he hurried to the Pope and told him the whole story; whereupon his Holiness sent three times on that day to see if the ring was finished.

At twenty-three o’clock I took the ring to the palace; and since the doors were always open to me, I lifted the curtain gently, and saw the Pope in private audience with the Marchese del Guasto.[3] The Marquis must have been pressing something on the Pope which he was unwilling to perform; for I heard him say: “I tell you, no; it is my business to remain neutral, and nothing else.”I was retiring as quickly as I could, when the Pope himself called me back; so I entered the room, and presented the diamond ring, upon which he drew me aside, and the Marquis retired to a distance.While looking at the diamond, the Pope whispered to me: “Benvenuto, begin some conversation with me on a subject which shall seem important, and do not stop talking so long as the Marquis remains in this room.”Then he took to walking up and down, and the occasion making for my advantage, I was very glad to discourse with him upon the methods I had used to tint the stone.The Marquis remained standing apart, leaning against a piece of tapestry; and now he balanced himself about on one foot, now on the other.The subject I had chosen to discourse upon was of such importance, if fully treated, that I could have talked about it at least three hours.The Pope was entertained to such a degree that he forgot the annoyance of the Marquis standing there.I seasoned what I had to say with that part of natural philosophy which belongs to our profession; and so having spoken for near upon an hour, the Marquis grew tired of waiting, and went off fuming.Then the Pope bestowed on me the most familiar caresses which can be imagined, and exclaimed: “Have patience, my dear Benvenuto, for I will give you a better reward for your virtues than the thousand crowns which Gaio tells me your work is worth.”

On this I took my leave; and the Pope praised me in the presence of his household, among whom was the fellow Latino Juvenale, whom I have previously mentioned.This man, having become my enemy, assiduously strove to do me hurt; and noticing that the Pope talked of me with so much affection and warmth, he put in his word: “There is no doubt at all that Benvenuto is a person of very remarkable genius; but while every one is naturally bound to feel more goodwill for his own countrymen than for others, still one ought to consider maturely what language it is right and proper to use when speaking of a Pope.He has had the audacity to say that Pope Clement indeed was the handsomest sovereign that ever reigned, and no less gifted; only that luck was always against him: and he says that your Holiness is quite the opposite; that the tiara seems to weep for rage upon your head; that you look like a truss of straw with clothes on, and that there is nothing in you except good luck.”These words, reported by a man who knew most excellently how to say them, had such force that they gained credit with the Pope.Far from having uttered them, such things had never come into my head.If the Pope could have done so without losing credit, he would certainly have taken fierce revenge upon me; but being a man of great tact and talent, he made a show of turning it off with a laugh.Nevertheless he harboured in his heart a deep vindictive feeling against me, of which I was not slow to be aware, since I had no longer the same easy access to his apartments as formerly, but found the greatest difficulty in procuring audience.As I had now for many years been familiar with the manners of the Roman court, I conceived that some one had done me a bad turn; and on making dexterous inquiries, I was told the whole, but not the name of my calumniator.I could not imagine who the man was; had I but found him out, my vengeance would not have been measured by troy weight.4

Note 1.In the 'Oreficeria' Cellini gives an account of how these foils were made and applied.They were composed of paste, and coloured so as to enhance the effect of precious stones, particularly diamonds.

Note 2.'Oreficeria,' cap.i.

Note 3.Alfonson d’Avalos, successor and heir to the famous Ferdinando d’Avalos, Marquis of Pescara.He acted for many years as Spanish Viceroy of Milan.

Note 4.'Io ne arei fatte vendette a misura di carbone.'

XCIII

I WENT on working at my book, and when I had finished it I took it to the Pope, who was in good truth unable to refrain from commending it greatly.I begged him to send me with it to the Emperor, as he had promised.He replied that he would do what he thought fit, and that I had performed my part of the business.So he gave orders that I should be well paid.These two pieces of work, on which I had spent upwards of two months, brought me in five hundred crowns: for the diamond I was paid one hundred and fifty crowns and no more; the rest was given me for the cover of the book, which, however, was worth more than a thousand, being enriched with multitudes of figures, arabesques, enamellings, and jewels.I took what I could get and made my mind up to leave Rome without permission.The Pope meanwhile sent my book to the Emperor by the hand of his grandson Signor Sforza.[1] Upon accepting it, the Emperor expressed great satisfaction, and immediately asked for me.Young Signor Sforza, who had received his instructions, said that I had been prevented by illness from coming.All this was reported to me.

My preparations for the journey into France were made; and I wished to go alone, but was unable on account of a lad in my service called Ascanio.He was of very tender age, and the most admirable servant in the world.When I took him he had left a former master, named Francesco, a Spaniard and a goldsmith.I did not much like to take him, lest I should get into a quarrel with the Spaniard, and said to Ascanio: “I do not want to have you, for fear of offending your master.”He contrived that his master should write me a note informing me that I was free to take him.So he had been with me some months; and since he came to us both thin and pale of face, we called him “the little old man;” indeed I almost thought he was one, partly because he was so good a servant, and partly because he was so clever that it seemed unlikely he should have such talent at thirteen years, which he affirmed his age to be.Now to go back to the point from which I started, he improved in person during those few months, and gaining in flesh, became the handsomest youth in Rome.Being the excellent servant which I have described, and showing marvellous aptitude for our art, I felt a warm and fatherly affection for him, and kept him clothed as if he had been my own son.When the boy perceived the improvement he had made, he esteemed it a good piece of luck that he had come into my hands; and he used frequently to go and thank his former master, who had been the cause of his prosperity.Now this man had a handsome young woman to wife, who said to him: “Surgetto” (that was what they called him when he lived with them), “what have you been doing to become so handsome?”Ascanio answered: “Madonna Francesca, it is my master who has made me so handsome, and far more good to boot.”In her petty spiteful way she took it very ill that Ascanio should speak so; and having no reputation for chastity, she contrived to caress the lad more perhaps than was quite seemly, which made me notice that he began to visit her more frequently than his wont had been.

One day Ascanio took to beating one of our little shopboys, who, when I came home from out of doors, complained to me with tears that Ascanio had knocked him about without any cause.Hearing this, I said to Ascanio: “With cause or without cause, see you never strike any one of my family, or else I’ll make you feel how I can strike myself.”He bandied words with me, which made me jump on him and give him the severest drubbing with both fists and feet that he had ever felt.As soon as he escaped my clutches, he ran away without cape or cap, and for two days I did not know where he was, and took no care to find him.After that time a Spanish gentleman, called Don Diego, came to speak to me.He was the most generous man in the world.I had made, and was making, some things for him, which had brought us well acquainted.He told me that Ascanio had gone back to his old master, and asked me, if I thought it proper, to send him the cape and cap which I had given him.Thereupon I said that Francesco had behaved badly, and like a low-bred fellow; for if he had told me, when Ascanio first came back to him, that he was in his house, I should very willingly have given him leave; but now that he had kept him two days without informing me, I was resolved he should not have him; and let him take care that I do not set eyes upon the lad in his house.This message was reported by Don Diego, but it only made Francesco laugh.The next morning I saw Ascanio working at some trifles in wire at his master’s side.As I was passing he bowed to me, and his master almost laughed me in the face.He sent again to ask through Don Diego whether I would not give Ascanio back the clothes he had received from me; but if not, he did not mind, and Ascanio should not want for clothes.When I heard this, I turned to Don Diego and said: “Don Diego, sir, in all your dealings you are the most liberal and worthy man I ever knew, but that Francesco is quite the opposite of you; he is nothing better than a worthless and dishonoured renegade.Tell him from me that if he does not bring Ascanio here himself to my shop before the bell for vespers, I will assuredly kill him; and tell Ascanio that if he does not quit that house at the hour appointed for his master, I will treat him much in the same way.”Don Diego made no answer, but went and inspired such terror in Francesco that he knew not what to do with himself.Ascanio meanwhile had gone to find his father, who had come to Rome from Tagliacozzo, his birthplace; and this man also, when he heard about the row, advised Francesco to bring Ascanio back to me.Francesco said to Ascanio: “Go on your own account, and your father shall go with you.”Don Diego put in: “Francesco, I foresee that something very serious will happen; you know better than I do what a man Benvenuto is; take the lad back courageously, and I will come with you.”I had prepared myself, and was pacing up and down the shop waiting for the bell to vespers; my mind was made up to do one of the bloodiest deeds which I had ever attempted in my life.Just then arrived Don Diego, Francesco, Ascanio, and his father, whom I did not know.When Ascanio entered, I gazed at the whole company with eyes of rage, and Francesco, pale as death, began as follows: “See here, I have brought back Ascanio, whom I kept with me, not thinking that I should offend you.”Ascanio added humbly: “Master, pardon me; I am at your disposal here, to do whatever you shall order.”Then I said: “Have you come to work out the time you promised me?”He answered yes, and that he meant never to leave me.Then I turned and told the shopboy he had beaten to hand him the bundle of clothes, and said to him: “Here are all the clothes I gave you; take with them your discharge, and go where you like.”Don Diego stood astonished at this, which was quite the contrary of what he had expected; while Ascanio with his father besought me to pardon and take him back.On my asking who it was who spoke for him, he said it was his father; to whom, after many entreaties, I replied: “Because you are his father, for your sake I will take him back.”

Note 1.Sforza Sforza, son of Bosio, Count of Santa Fiore, and of Costanza Farnese, the Pope’s natural daughter.He was a youth of sixteen at this epoch.

XCIV

I HAD formed the resolution, as I said a short while back, to go toward France; partly because I saw that the Pope did not hold me in the same esteem as formerly, my faithful service having been besmirched by lying tongues; and also because I feared lest those who had the power might play me some worse trick.So I was determined to seek better fortune in a foreign land, and wished to leave Rome without company or license.On the eve of my projected departure, I told my faithful friend Felice to make free use of all my effects during my absence; and in the case of my not returning; left him everything I possessed.Now there was a Perugian workman in my employ, who had helped me on those commissions from the Pope; and after paying his wages, I told him he must leave my service.He begged me in reply to let him go with me, and said he would come at his own charges; if I stopped to work for the King of France, it would certainly be better for me to have Italians by me, and in particular such persons as I knew to be capable of giving me assistance.His entreaties and arguments persuaded me to take him on the journey in the manner he proposed.Ascanio, who was present at this debate, said, half in tears: “When you took me back, I said I wished to remain with you my lifetime, and so I have it in my mind to do.”I told him that nothing in the world would make me consent; but when I saw that the poor lad was preparing to follow on foot, I engaged a horse for him too, put a small valise upon the crupper, and loaded myself with far more useless baggage than I should otherwise have taken.1

From home I travelled to Florence, from Florence to Bologna, from Bologna to Venice, and from Venice to Padua.There my dear friend Albertaccio del Bene made me leave the inn for his house; and next day I went to kiss the hand of Messer Pietro Bembo, who was not yet a Cardinal.[2] He received me with marks of the warmest affection which could be bestowed on any man; then turning to Albertaccio, he said: “I want Benvenuto to stay here, with all his followers, even though they be a hundred men; make then your mind up, if you want Benvenuto also, to stay here with me, for I do not mean elsewise to let you have him.”Accordingly I spent a very pleasant visit at the house of that most accomplished gentleman.He had a room prepared for me which would have been too grand for a cardinal, and always insisted on my taking my meals beside him.Later on, he began to hint in very modest terms that he should greatly like me to take his portrait.I, who desired nothing in the world more, prepared some snow-white plaster in a little box, and set to work at once.The first day I spent two hours on end at my modelling, and blocked out the fine head of that eminent man with so much grace of manner that his lordship was fairly astounded.Now, though he was a man of profound erudition and without a rival in poetry, he understood nothing at all about my art; this made him think that I had finished when I had hardly begun, so that I could not make him comprehend what a long time it took to execute a thing of that sort thoroughly.At last I resolved to do it as well as I was able, and to spend the requisite time upon it; but since he wore his beard short after the Venetian fashion, I had great trouble in modelling a head to my own satisfaction.However, I finished it, and judged it about the finest specimen I had produced in all the points pertaining to my art.Great was the astonishment of Messer Pietro, who conceived that I should have completed the waxen model in two hours and the steel in ten, when he found that I employed two hundred on the wax, and then was begging for leave to pursue my journey toward France.This threw him into much concern, and he implored me at least to design the reverse for his medal, which was to be a Pegasus encircled with a wreath of myrtle.I performed my task in the space of some three hours, and gave it a fine air of elegance.He was exceedingly delighted, and said: “This horse seems to me ten times more difficult to do than the little portrait on which you have bestowed so much pains.I cannot understand what made it such a labour.”All the same, he kept entreating me to execute the piece in steel, exclaiming: “For Heaven’s sake, do it; I know that, if you choose, you will get it quickly finished.”I told him that I was not willing to make it there, but promised without fail to take it in hand wherever I might stop to work.

While this debate was being carried on I went to bargain for three horses which I wanted on my travels; and he took care that a secret watch should be kept over my proceedings, for he had vast authority in Padua; wherefore, when I proposed to pay for the horses, which were to cost five hundred ducats, their owner answered: “Illustrious artist, I make you a present of the three horses.”I replied: “It is not you who give them me; and from the generous donor I cannot accept them, seeing I have been unable to present him with any specimen of my craft.”The good fellow said that, if I did not take them, I should get no other horses in Padua, and should have to make my journey on foot.Upon that I returned to the magnificent Messer Pietro, who affected to be ignorant of the affair, and only begged me with marks of kindness to remain in Padua.This was contrary to my intention, for I had quite resolved to set out; therefore I had to accept the three horses, and with them we began our journey.

Note 1.He left Rome, April 1, 1537.

Note 2.I need hardly say that this is the Bembo who ruled over Italian literature like a dictator from the reign of Leo X.onwards.He was of a noble Venetian house; Paul III.made him Cardinal in 1539.He died, aged seventy-seven, in 1547.

XCV

I CHOSE the route through the Grisons, all other passes being unsafe on account of war.We crossed the mountains of the Alba and Berlina; it was the 8th of May, and the snow upon them lay in masses.[1] At the utmost hazard of our lives we succeeded in surmounting those two Alpine ridges; and when they had been traversed, we stopped at a place which, if I remember rightly, is called Valdista.There we took up quarters, and at nightfall there arrived a Florentine courier named Busbacca.I had heard him mentioned as a man of character and able in his profession, but I did not know that he had forfeited that reputation by his rogueries.When he saw me in the hostelry, he addressed me by my name, said he was going on business of importance to Lyons, and entreated met to lend him money for the journey.I said I had no money to lend, but that if he liked to join me, I would pay his expenses as far as Lyons.The rascal wept, and wheedled me with a long story, saying: “If a poor courier employed on affairs of national consequence has fallen short of money, it is the duty of a man like you to assist him.”Then he added that he was carrying things of the utmost importance from Messer Filippo Strozzi; [2] and showing me a leather case for a cup he had with him, whispered in my ear that it held a goblet of silver which contained jewels to the value of many thousands of ducats, together with letters of vast consequence, sent by Messer Filippo Strozzi.I told him that he ought to let me conceal the jewels about his own person, which would be much less dangerous than carrying them in the goblet; he might give that up to me, and, its value being probably about ten crowns, I would supply him with twenty-five on the security.To these words the courier replied that he would go with me, since he could not do otherwise, for to give up the goblet would not be to his honour.